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2. SN2 reaction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SN2_reaction

   For example, the synthesis of macrocidin A, a fungal metabolite, involves an intramolecular ring closing step via an S N 2 reaction with a phenoxide group as the nucleophile and a halide as the leaving group, forming an ether. [2] Reactions such as this, with an alkoxide as the nucleophile, are known as the Williamson ether synthesis.

3. Walden inversion - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walden_inversion

   In this reaction, the silver oxide in the first step acts as a hydroxide donor while the silver ion plays no role in the reaction. The intermediates are the carboxyl dianion A which gives an intramolecular nucleophilic substitution by the β-carboxylate anion to produce a four-membered β- lactone ring B .

4. SNi - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNi

   This reaction type is linked to many forms of neighbouring group participation, for instance the reaction of the sulfur or nitrogen lone pair in sulfur mustard or nitrogen mustard to form the cationic intermediate. This reaction mechanism is supported by the observation that addition of pyridine to the reaction leads to inversion. The reasoning ...

5. Associative substitution - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_substitution

   Associative substitution describes a pathway by which compounds interchange ligands. The terminology is typically applied to organometallic and coordination complexes, but resembles the Sn2 mechanism in organic chemistry. The opposite pathway is dissociative substitution, being analogous to the Sn1 pathway. Intermediate pathways exist between ...

6. Reactome - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactome

   Users can also download the current data set or individual pathways and reactions in a variety of formats including PDF, BioPAX, and SBML [5] Reactome also has a ReactomeGSA [ 6 ] tool, integrated into the Reactome Analysis Tools that allows comparative pathway analyses of multi-omics datasets, with compatibility with single-cell RNA-seq data.

7. Substitution reaction - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitution_reaction

   The two reactions are named according tho their rate law, with S N 1 having a first-order rate law, and S N 2 having a second-order. [2] S N 1 reaction mechanism occurring through two steps. The S N 1 mechanism has two steps. In the first step, the leaving group departs, forming a carbocation (C +). In the second step, the nucleophilic reagent ...

8. Olympia City Council to take up minimum wage increase in January

   www.aol.com/news/olympia-city-council-minimum...

   (The Center Square) – The Olympia City Council is moving ahead with discussions on a potential increase in the minimum wage and the adoption of a Workers’ Bill of Rights that could include ...

9. Reaction mechanism - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaction_mechanism

   In chemistry, a reaction mechanism is the step by step sequence of elementary reactions by which overall chemical reaction occurs. [1] A chemical mechanism is a theoretical conjecture that tries to describe in detail what takes place at each stage of an overall chemical reaction. The detailed steps of a reaction are not observable in most cases.