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The remaining elements are called "trace elements". The generally accepted trace elements are iron, chlorine, cobalt, copper, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, iodine, and selenium; [5] there is some evidence that there may be more. Four elements comprise 96% of the human body by weight: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen . These elements are ...
Micronutrient. Micronutrients are essential dietary elements required by organisms in varying quantities to regulate physiological functions of cells and organs. [1][2] Micronutrients support the health of organisms throughout life. [3][4][5] In varying amounts supplied through the diet, micronutrients include such compounds as vitamins and ...
Molybdenum is an essential element in most organisms; a 2008 research paper speculated that a scarcity of molybdenum in the Earth's early oceans may have strongly influenced the evolution of eukaryotic life (which includes all plants and animals). [82] At least 50 molybdenum-containing enzymes have been identified, mostly in bacteria.
Copper [5] Chlorine. Selenium. Manganese. Molybdenum. Cobalt (as a component of vitamin B 12) Fluorine. Iodine [6] Silicon [7]
Metallothionein (MT) is a family of cysteine -rich, low molecular weight (MW ranging from 500 to 14000 Da) proteins. They are localized to the membrane of the Golgi apparatus. MTs have the capacity to bind both physiological (such as zinc, copper, selenium) and xenobiotic (such as cadmium, mercury, silver, arsenic, lead) heavy metals through ...
Selenium, which is an essential element for animals and prokaryotes and is a beneficial element for many plants, is the least-common of all the elements essential to life. [3] [62] Selenium acts as the catalytic center of several antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase, [10] and plays a wide variety of other biological roles.
Selenium is a component of the amino acids selenocysteine and selenomethionine. In humans, selenium is a trace element nutrient that functions as cofactor for glutathione peroxidases and certain forms of thioredoxin reductase. [1] Selenium-containing proteins are produced from inorganic selenium via the intermediacy of selenophosphate (PSeO 3 3 ...
Mineral deficiency. Specialty. Endocrinology. Mineral deficiency is a lack of the dietary minerals, the micronutrients that are needed for an organism's proper health. [1] The cause may be a poor diet, impaired uptake of the minerals that are consumed, or a dysfunction in the organism's use of the mineral after it is absorbed.