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The major deities in the Sumerian pantheon included An, the god of the heavens, Enlil, the god of wind and storm, AnKi Enki, the god of water and human culture, Ninhursag, the goddess of fertility and the earth, Utu, the god of the sun and justice, and his father Nanna, the god of the moon.
From Nammu and An to Nanna and Utu, the Sumerians, who lived in ancient Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) around 4,000 to 2,000 BCE, had a rich pantheon of gods and goddesses that played important roles in their religious beliefs and daily life. The Most Important Ancient Sumerian Gods With more than 3,000 Sumerian gods and goddesses,
Many major deities in Sumerian mythology were associated with specific celestial bodies: [45] Inanna was believed to be the planet Venus, [46] [47] Utu was believed to be the Sun, [48] [47] and Nanna was the Moon.
In this article, we’ll take a look at some of the most famous and important gods and goddesses in Sumerian mythology who shaped the world.
Sumerian Pantheon is one of the earliest recorded pantheons, with gods like Anu, Enlil, and Inanna. Image: An ancient impression on a Sumerian cylinder seal depicts Dumuzid’s torment in the Underworld, where he is subjected to suffering by the fierce galla demons.
The most important god in the Sumerian pantheon is An (known also as Anu to the Akkadians). An was believed to be a sky god, and was initially regarded to be the Lord of the Heavens, or the supreme deity of the Sumerian pantheon.
Mesopotamian religion, beliefs and practices of the Sumerians and Akkadians, and their successors, the Babylonians and Assyrians, who inhabited ancient Mesopotamia (now in Iraq) in the millennia before the Christian era. These religious beliefs and practices form a single stream of tradition.