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The history of independent India or history of Republic of India began when the country became an independent sovereign state within the British Commonwealth on 15 August 1947. Direct administration by the British, which began in 1858 , affected a political and economic unification of the subcontinent .
Many Muslim families from India continued migrating to Pakistan throughout the 1950s and even early 1960s. This second stage (December 1947 – December 1971) of the migration was from areas in the present-day Indian states of U.P., Delhi, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and ...
No region in Pakistan uses Urdu as its mother tongue, though it is spoken as the first language of many people among the community known as Muhajirs (a multi-origin ethnic group of Pakistan), who left India after independence in 1947; these Muhajirs were from various parts of India, with Urdu speakers predominantly hailing from United Provinces ...
The Muhajir people (also spelled Mahajir and Mohajir) (Urdu: مہاجر, lit. ' Immigrant ') are Muslim immigrants of various ethnic groups and regional origins, and their descendants, who migrated from various regions of India after the 1947 independence to settle in the newly independent state of Pakistan.
The partition of India in 1947 was the division of British India [c] into two independent dominion states, the Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. [3] The Union of India is today the Republic of India and the Dominion of Pakistan, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan , and the People's Republic of Bangladesh .
India in 1947, before the partition, included the modern Republic of India, along with the land that became Islamic Republic of Pakistan and People's Republic of Bangladesh. [1] Indian reunification refers to the potential reunification of India (the Republic of India) with Pakistan and Bangladesh, which were partitioned from British India in 1947.
According to folk etymology, the name "Kashmir" means "desiccated land" (from the Sanskrit: ka = water and shimīra = desiccate). [2] In the Rajatarangini, a history of Kashmir written by Kalhana in the mid-12th century, it is stated that the valley of Kashmir was formerly a lake.
This literary standard, called simply Hindi, replaced Urdu as the official register of Bihar in 1881, establishing a sectarian divide of "Urdu" for Muslims and "Hindi" for Hindus, a divide that was formalized with the partition of India after the withdrawal of the British in 1947. [34]