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Stern-ender – a lake freighter with all cabins aft. Straight decker (bulker) – a freighter built without conveyors and cranes to offload cargo, instead using port facilities. [27] Tug-barge - a bulk carrier created by pairing barges (former self-unloaders and straight-deckers) with a tugboat. [4] Some of the newer classes of lake freighters ...
The lake freighter SS Henry Steinbrenner was a 427-foot (130 m) long, 50-foot (15 m) wide, and 28-foot (8.5 m) deep, [1] dry bulk freighter of typical construction style for the early 1900s, primarily designed for the iron ore, coal, and grain trades on the Great Lakes.
A cost estimator will typically use estimating software to estimate their bid price for a project, which will ultimately become part of a resulting construction contract. Some architects, engineers, construction managers, and others may also use cost estimating software to prepare cost estimates for purposes other than bidding such as budgeting ...
Substantial improvements were later made on the design by Samuel T. Wellman. [citation needed] The Hulett machine revolutionised iron ore shipment on the Great Lakes. Previous methods of unloading lake freighters, involving hoists and buckets and much hand labor, cost approximately 18¢/ton. Unloading with Huletts cost only 6¢/ton.
SS Edward L. Ryerson is a steel-hulled American Great Lakes freighter that entered service in 1960. Built between April 1959 and January 1960 for the Inland Steel Company, she was the third of the thirteen so-called 730-class of lake freighters, each of which shared the unofficial title of "Queen of the Lakes", as a result of their record-breaking length.
SS William A. Irvin is a lake freighter, named for William A. Irvin, that sailed as a bulk freighter on the Great Lakes as part US Steel's lake fleet. She was flagship of the company fleet from her launch in the depths of the Great Depression in 1938 until 1975 and then was a general workhorse of the fleet until her retirement in 1978.
They would build 30 ships for the lake fleet in the 1970s. [5] In 1975, Bay Shipbuilding had around 800 workers and expected to expand to 1,400 because of a new contract to construct four 1,000 foot long lake freighters for the American Steamship Company and Bethlehem Steel. [6]
The upgrade cost US$5 million and increased Reserve ' s length to 767 feet (234 m). Due to the lengthening, her cargo capacity increased to 26,900 tons. The lengthening also added an additional hold and six more hatches to Reserve. [2] In May 1982, Oglebay Norton made the decision to convert Reserve to a self-unloading vessel.