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  2. Scale ruler - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale_ruler

    One edge is divided into tenths of an inch, and the subsequent ones are directly marked for twentieths, thirtieths, fortieths, fiftieths, and finally sixtieths of an inch. Referred to as 1:10, 1:20, 1:30,1:40, 1:50 or 1:60 scale. [2] Typically in civil engineering applications, 1:10 (1″=10′) is used exclusively for detail drawings.

  3. Fuller calculator - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuller_calculator

    The calculator described above was called "Model No. 1" . [6] Model 2 had scales on the inner cylinder for calculating logs and sines.The "Fuller-Bakewell" model 3 had two scales of angles printed on the inner cylinder to calculate cosine² and sine ⋅ cosine [note 1] for use by engineers and surveyors for tacheometry calculations.

  4. Unit fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_fraction

    Slices of approximately 1/8 of a pizza. A unit fraction is a positive fraction with one as its numerator, 1/ n.It is the multiplicative inverse (reciprocal) of the denominator of the fraction, which must be a positive natural number.

  5. Slide rule scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slide_rule_scale

    Keuffel and Esser 7" slide rule (5" scale, 1954) [1] A slide rule scale is a line with graduated markings inscribed along the length of a slide rule used for mathematical calculations. The earliest such device had a single logarithmic scale for performing multiplication and division, but soon an improved technique was developed which involved ...

  6. Difference engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difference_engine

    According to the 1830 design for Difference Engine No. 1, it would have about 25,000 parts, weigh 4 tons, [8] and operate on 20-digit numbers by sixth-order differences. In 1832, Babbage and Joseph Clement produced a small working model (one-seventh of the plan), [ 5 ] which operated on 6-digit numbers by second-order differences.

  7. Scaling (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scaling_(geometry)

    Each iteration of the Sierpinski triangle contains triangles related to the next iteration by a scale factor of 1/2. In affine geometry, uniform scaling (or isotropic scaling [1]) is a linear transformation that enlarges (increases) or shrinks (diminishes) objects by a scale factor that is the same in all directions (isotropically).

  8. Four fours - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_fours

    For example, when d=4, the hash table for two occurrences of d would contain the key-value pair 8 and 4+4, and the one for three occurrences, the key-value pair 2 and (4+4)/4 (strings shown in bold). The task is then reduced to recursively computing these hash tables for increasing n , starting from n=1 and continuing up to e.g. n=4.

  9. Ruler function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruler_function

    These functions should be distinguished from Thomae's function, a function on real numbers which behaves similarly to the ruler function when restricted to the dyadic rational numbers. In advanced mathematics, the 0-based ruler function is the 2-adic valuation of the number, [ 1 ] and the lexicographically earliest infinite square-free word ...