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As the register Urdu, it bears the most Persian influence of any variety in the subcontinent, featuring further vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation influences. [3] The latter form of the language is associated with formal contexts and prestige, and is deployed as the medium of written communication, education, and media in Pakistan.
[222] [223] Urdu has borrowed words from Persian and to a lesser extent, Arabic through Persian, [224] to the extent of about 25% [15] [220] [221] [225] to 30% of Urdu's vocabulary. [226] A table illustrated by the linguist Afroz Taj of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill likewise illustrates the number of Persian loanwords to ...
The Urdu alphabet (Urdu: اُردُو حُرُوفِ تَہَجِّی, romanized: urdū ḥurūf-i tahajjī) is the right-to-left alphabet used for writing Urdu. It is a modification of the Persian alphabet , which itself is derived from the Arabic script .
Feroz-ul-Lughat Urdu Jamia (Urdu: فیروز الغات اردو جامع) is an Urdu-to-Urdu dictionary published by Ferozsons (Private) Limited. It was originally compiled by Maulvi Ferozeuddin in 1897. The dictionary contains about 100,000 ancient and popular words, compounds, derivatives, idioms, proverbs, and modern scientific, literary ...
The Middle English word limon goes back to Old French limon, showing that yet another delicacy passed into England through France. The Old French word probably came from Italian limone, another step on the route that leads back to the Arabic word ليمون، ليمون laymūn or līmūn, which comes from the Persian word لیمو līmū. Lilac
Farhang-e-Asifiya (Urdu: فرہنگ آصفیہ, lit. 'The Dictionary of Asif') is an Urdu-to-Urdu dictionary compiled by Syed Ahmad Dehlvi. [1] It has more than 60,000 entries in four volumes. [2] It was first published in January 1901 by Rifah-e-Aam Press in Lahore, present-day Pakistan. [3] [4]
The term Indo-Iranian languages refers to the spectrum of Indo-European languages spoken in the Southern Asian region of Eurasia, spanning from the Indian subcontinent (where the Indo-Aryan branch is spoken, also called Indic) up to the Iranian Plateau (where the Iranian branch is spoken, also called Iranic).
In Old Persian, these clusters yield s, z, with loss of the glide *w, but without further fronting. The Saka language, attested in the Middle Iranian period, and its modern relative Wakhi fail to fit into either group: in these, palatalization remains, and similar glide loss as in Old Persian occurs: *ćw > š, *dźw > ž.