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The dun gene is a dilution gene that affects both red and black pigments in the coat color of a horse. The dun gene lightens most of the body while leaving the mane, tail, legs, and primitive markings the shade of the undiluted base coat color. A dun horse always has a dark dorsal stripe down the middle of its back, usually has a darker face ...
Color's CLIA-certified and CAP-approved lab analyzes for variants in the breast cancer genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, as well as 28 other genes associated with breast, prostate, colon, uterine, stomach, melanoma, pancreatic, and ovarian cancers. [17]
The implications of genetic test results for other family members are important to consider in patients considering elective genetic testing. Unlike most other medical tests, genetic testing may reveal health information about the patient as well as his or her family members. [ 51 ]
A patient's genome may include an inherited or random mutation which affects the probability of developing a disease in the future. [27] For example, Lynch syndrome is a genetic disease that predisposes patients to colorectal and other cancers; early detection can lead to close monitoring that improves the patient's chances of a good outcome. [39]
It has published a census of genes causally implicated in cancer, [14] and a number of whole-genome resequencing screens for genes implicated in cancer. [15] The International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) was founded in 2007 with the goal of integrating available genomic, transcriptomic and epigenetic data from many different research groups.
Genetic testing is often done as part of a genetic consultation and as of mid-2008 there were more than 1,200 clinically applicable genetic tests available. [23] Once a person decides to proceed with genetic testing, a medical geneticist, genetic counselor, primary care doctor, or specialist can order the test after obtaining informed consent .
Patients with a Gene A signature have better percent survival than patients with a Gene B signature. In a 2001 study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , Sørlie et al. [ 10 ] further stratified the classifications described by Perou et al. [ 9 ] and explored the clinical value of these breast cancer subtypes.
MammaPrint is a prognostic and predictive diagnostic test for early stage breast cancer patients that assess the risk that a tumor will metastasize to other parts of the body. [1] It gives a binary result, high-risk or low-risk classification , and helps physicians determine whether or not a patient will benefit from chemotherapy .