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ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY TREATMENT. The treatment of adrenal insufficiency includes replacement of the deficient hormones. The goal of treatment is to relieve the symptoms of hormone deficiency without causing signs of hormone excess. Treatment usually requires lifelong hormone replacement.
The management of both acute and chronic adrenal insufficiency is reviewed here. The causes, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency in adults are reviewed separately.
A diagnosis of partial adrenal insufficiency is usually made on clinical grounds alone, typically in patients with a history of pituitary surgery or radiotherapy, who develop signs and symptoms of adrenal insufficiency exclusively during physiologic stress.
When hyponatremia is present, primary adrenal insufficiency should be suspected. In this disorder, the concurrent lack of cortisol is a potent stimulus to ADH secretion, leading to water retention and a fall in the plasma sodium concentration.
The acute and chronic clinical manifestations of adrenal insufficiency in adults are reviewed here. The causes, diagnosis, and treatment of the different forms of adrenal insufficiency are reviewed separately.
Classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), which is caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiency, is responsible for approximately 75 percent of cases of primary adrenal insufficiency in childhood. The diagnosis and treatment of this form of adrenal insufficiency are discussed in separate topic reviews:
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