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A total review of metformin use during pregnancy compared to insulin alone found good short-term safety for both the mother and baby, but safety in the longer term is unclear. [61] Several observational studies and randomized controlled trials found metformin to be as effective and safe as insulin for the management of gestational diabetes.
Experts say that metformin and insulin can also be used together to help women with type 2 diabetes and gestational diabetes manage blood glucose levels during pregnancy. Metformin is just as safe ...
Pre-gestational diabetes can be classified as Type 1 or Type 2 depending on the physiological mechanism. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disorder leading to destruction of insulin-producing cell in the pancreas; type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with obesity and results from a combination of insulin resistance and insufficient insulin production.
Treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome with metformin during pregnancy has been noted to decrease GDM levels. [92] Almost half of the women did not reach sufficient control with metformin alone and needed supplemental therapy with insulin; compared to those treated with insulin alone, they required less insulin, and they gained less weight. [93]
5. Metformin. Metformin — a biguanide — is an oral diabetes medication that helps keep blood sugar in check by causing the liver to produce less glucose. It was approved by the FDA in 1994 for ...
3. Reduces the Risk of Cardiovascular Events. Metformin also may have some benefits for your heart, possibly helping to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and heart failure.
Metformin treatment in pregnancy is not safe. [91] In 2007, the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists also recommended against the use of the drug to prevent miscarriage. [ 90 ] Thrombophilias or defects in coagulation and bleeding were once thought to be a risk of miscarriage but have been subsequently questioned. [ 92 ]
Signs and symptoms of ACEi and ARB use during pregnancy include kidney damage or failure, oligohydramnios, anuria, joint contractures, and hypoplasia of the skull. [58] Common, alternative agents for high blood pressure in pregnant women include anti-adrenergic and beta-blocking medications, such as methyldopa or metoprolol, respectively.
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