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Aldosterone synthase, also called steroid 18-hydroxylase, corticosterone 18-monooxygenase or P450C18, is a steroid hydroxylase cytochrome P450 enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the mineralocorticoid aldosterone and other steroids. The enzyme catalyzes sequential hydroxylations of the steroid angular methyl group at C18 after initial 11β ...
The outermost layer, the zona glomerulosa is the main site for the production of aldosterone, a mineralocorticoid. The synthesis and secretion of aldosterone are mainly regulated by the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. The zona glomerulosa cells express a specific enzyme aldosterone synthase (also known as CYP11B2).
18-Hydroxylase (aldosterone synthase) – mineralocorticoid synthesis; 21-Hydroxylase – corticosteroid synthesis; Cytochrome P450 (CYP1, 2, 3) – estrogen metabolism; Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (and ketosteroid reductases) 3α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase – androgen, progestogen, and neurosteroid synthesis and metabolism
Aldosterone release causes sodium and water retention, which causes increased blood volume, and a subsequent increase in blood pressure, which is sensed by the baroreceptors. [39] To maintain normal homeostasis these receptors also detect low blood pressure or low blood volume, causing aldosterone to be released.
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English: *Enzymes, their cellular location, substrates and products in human steroidogenesis. Shown also is the major classes of steroid hormones: progestagens, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, androgens and estrogens.
However, mouse zona glomerulosa cells within adrenal slices spontaneously generate membrane potential oscillations of low periodicity; this innate electrical excitability of these cells provides a platform for the production of a recurrent Ca 2+ channels signal that can be controlled by angiotensin II and extracellular potassium, the 2 major ...
These blood vessels supply a network of small arteries within the capsule of the adrenal glands. Thin strands of the capsule enter the glands, carrying blood to them. [8] Venous blood is drained from the glands by the suprarenal veins, usually one for each gland: [8] The right suprarenal vein drains into the inferior vena cava.