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The gamma function is an important special function in mathematics. Its particular values can be expressed in closed form for integer and half-integer arguments, but no simple expressions are known for the values at rational points in general. Other fractional arguments can be approximated through efficient infinite products, infinite series ...
In algebra, the partial fraction decomposition or partial fraction expansion of a rational fraction (that is, a fraction such that the numerator and the denominator are both polynomials) is an operation that consists of expressing the fraction as a sum of a polynomial (possibly zero) and one or several fractions with a simpler denominator. [1]
In mathematics, the Leibniz formula for π, named after Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, states that = + + = = +,. an alternating series.. It is sometimes called the Madhava–Leibniz series as it was first discovered by the Indian mathematician Madhava of Sangamagrama or his followers in the 14th–15th century (see Madhava series), [1] and was later independently rediscovered by James Gregory in ...
In numerical analysis, the Runge–Kutta methods (English: / ˈrʊŋəˈkʊtɑː / ⓘ RUUNG-ə-KUUT-tah[1]) are a family of implicit and explicit iterative methods, which include the Euler method, used in temporal discretization for the approximate solutions of simultaneous nonlinear equations. [2]
Q-function. A plot of the Q-function. In statistics, the Q-function is the tail distribution function of the standard normal distribution. [1][2] In other words, is the probability that a normal (Gaussian) random variable will obtain a value larger than standard deviations. Equivalently, is the probability that a standard normal random variable ...
The terms of a geometric series are also the elements of a generalized Fibonacci sequence (a recursively defined sequence with F n = F n-1 + F n-2) when the series's common ratio r satisfies the constraint 1 + r = r 2, which is when r equals the golden ratio or its conjugate (i.e., r = (1 ± √5)/2).
Calculus, mathematical analysis, statistics, physics. In mathematics, the gamma function (represented by Γ, the capital letter gamma from the Greek alphabet) is one commonly used extension of the factorial function to complex numbers. The gamma function is defined for all complex numbers except the non-positive integers.
A unit fraction is a common fraction with a numerator of 1 (e.g., 1 / 7 ). Unit fractions can also be expressed using negative exponents, as in 2 −1, which represents 1/2, and 2 −2, which represents 1/(2 2) or 1/4. A dyadic fraction is a common fraction in which the denominator is a power of two, e.g. 1 / 8 = 1 / 2 3 .