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Recall can be computed with respect to unigram, bigram, trigram, or 4-gram matching. For example, ROUGE-1 is the fraction of unigrams that appear in both the reference summary and the automatic summary out of all unigrams in the reference summary. If there are multiple reference summaries, their scores are averaged.
dplyr is an R package whose set of functions are designed to enable dataframe (a spreadsheet-like data structure) manipulation in an intuitive, user-friendly way. It is one of the core packages of the popular tidyverse set of packages in the R programming language. [1]
Sorting or ordering the data based on a list of columns to improve search performance; Joining data from multiple sources (e.g., lookup, merge) and deduplicating the data; Aggregating (for example, rollup – summarizing multiple rows of data – total sales for each store, and for each region, etc.) Generating surrogate-key values
KNIME, Konstanz Information Miner – Open-Source data exploration platform based on Eclipse. Minitab, an EDA and general statistics package widely used in industrial and corporate settings. Orange, an open-source data mining and machine learning software suite. Python, an open-source programming language widely used in data mining and machine ...
It can ingest data from offline data sources (such as Hadoop and flat files) as well as online sources (such as Kafka). Pinot is designed to scale horizontally. Mondrian OLAP server is an open-source OLAP server written in Java. It supports the MDX query language, the XML for Analysis and the olap4j interface specifications.
Multi-document summarization is an automatic procedure aimed at extraction of information from multiple texts written about the same topic. The resulting summary report allows individual users, such as professional information consumers, to quickly familiarize themselves with information contained in a large cluster of documents.
"Ordered" means that the elements of the data type have some kind of explicit order to them, where an element can be considered "before" or "after" another element. This order is usually determined by the order in which the elements are added to the structure, but the elements can be rearranged in some contexts, such as sorting a list.
Data-flow analysis is a technique for gathering information about the possible set of values calculated at various points in a computer program.A program's control-flow graph (CFG) is used to determine those parts of a program to which a particular value assigned to a variable might propagate.