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LCP provides automatic configuration of the interfaces at each end (such as setting datagram size, escaped characters, and magic numbers) and for selecting optional authentication. The LCP protocol runs on top of PPP (with PPP protocol number 0xC021) and therefore a basic PPP connection has to be established before LCP is able to configure it.
kppp – A kde GUI frontend for pppd.; gnome-ppp – A (discontinued) gnome GUI frontend for WvDial, which in turns depends on pppd.; pppconfig – It uses the standard ppp configuration files and sets ppp up so that the standard pon and poff commands (to connect and disconnect) and plog (to list the log) can be used to control ppp.
The Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) is a network protocol for encapsulating Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) frames inside Ethernet frames. It appeared in 1999, in the context of the boom of DSL as the solution for tunneling packets over the DSL connection to the ISP's IP network, and from there to the rest of the Internet.
A PPP endpoint can request a specific IP address from its peer. It can also ask the peer to suggest an IP address by requesting the address 0.0.0.0; the peer then sends its suggestion in an IPCP Nak packet, which the first peer must subsequently request in order to complete the negotiation.
In setting up PPP communications, both the sending and receiving devices send out LCP packets to determine the standards of the ensuing data transmission. The protocol: checks the identity of the linked device and either accepts or rejects the device; determines the acceptable packet size for transmission; searches for errors in configuration
Generic routing encapsulation (GRE) is a tunneling protocol developed by Cisco Systems that can encapsulate a wide variety of network layer protocols inside virtual point-to-point links or point-to-multipoint links over an Internet Protocol network. [2]
PPP configuration generally includes: user credentials, user name and password, and is unique to each user. ATM configuration includes: Virtual channel link (VCL) – virtual path identifier and virtual channel identifier (VPI/VCI), such as 0/32 (analogous to a phone number)
The router provides the logical network termination. Common link access methods include PPP over Ethernet , PPP over ATM encapsulated sessions, bridged Ethernet over ATM or Frame Relay (RFC 1483/RFC 1490), or just plain Ethernet. In the case of ATM or Frame Relay based access, individual subscribers are identified by Virtual Circuit IDs.