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The Pishon (Hebrew: פִּישׁוֹן Pīšōn; Koine Greek: Φισών Phisṓn) is one of four rivers (along with Hiddekel , Perath and Gihon) mentioned in the Biblical Book of Genesis. In that passage, a source river flows out of Eden to water the Garden of Eden and from there divides into the four named rivers. [1]
The Arabian hypothesis is further strengthened by James A. Sauer's, former curator of the Harvard Semitic Museum, identification of Pishon, which is described as encircling Havilah in the Bible, [20] as the Wadi -al Rummah, [21] [circular reference] a dry channel which begins in the Hijaz Mountains, near Medina, to run northeast to Kuwait.
Rivers of Paradise flowing underneath the feet of Lamb of God (mosaic in Santi Cosma e Damiano, ca. 530 AD). Following Saint Ambrose [2] (per Cohen, [11] the association was established earlier, in a letter by Cyprian in 256 AD) the rivers are interpreted as four evangelists (or Gospels), with Water of Life flowing from the word of Christ (the Fountain of Life [11]) to bring salvation.
Gihon is the name of the second river mentioned in the second chapter of the biblical Book of Genesis.The Gihon is mentioned as one of four rivers (along with the Tigris, Euphrates, and Pishon) issuing out of Eden, branching from a single river that split after watering the Garden of Eden (Genesis 2:10-14).
The location of Eden is described in Genesis 2:10–14: [32] And a river went out of Eden to water the garden; and from thence it was parted, and became four heads. The name of the first is Pishon; that is it which compasseth the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold; and the gold of that land is good; there is bdellium and the
The Hijaz Mountains have been conjectured as the source of the ancient Pishon River, that was described as one of the four rivers associated with the Garden of Eden.This is a component in the research of Juris Zarins that locates the Garden of Eden at the northern tip of the Persian Gulf near Kuwait.
The Kishon is mentioned six times in the Hebrew Bible, among them the following verses: . In Judges 4:7, Sisera's Canaanite army is encamped at the Kishon River and the prophet Deborah predicts their defeat; in Judges 5:21, in her song of celebration, the Kishon River is praised for washing away the Canaanite army.
The river was known in antiquity as Mardos (Greek: Μαρδος; Latin: Mardus) and Amardos (Greek: Αμαρδος; Latin: Amardus). [2] In the Hellenistic period, the north side of the Sefid (then Mardus) was occupied by the Cadusii mountain tribe. [12] David Rohl proposes identification of Sefid-Rud with the Biblical Pishon river. [citation ...