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Cefalexin is the International Nonproprietary Name (INN) and the Australian Approved Name (AAN), while cephalexin is the British Approved Name (BAN) and the United States Adopted Name (USAN). [33] Brand names for cefalexin include Keflex, Acfex, Cephalex, Ceporex, L-Xahl, Medoxine, Ospexin, Torlasporin, Bio-Cef, Panixine DisperDose, and Novo-Lexin.
1911 – Arsphenamine, also Salvarsan [1] 1912 – Neosalvarsan 1935 – Prontosil (an oral precursor to sulfanilamide), the first sulfonamide 1936 – Sulfanilamide 1938 – Sulfapyridine (M&B 693)
There are many beta lactamases which vary in substrate specificity and host range. [21] [22] The enzymes active site is easily regenerated hydrolytically so it is re-usable many times, in that way can a comparatively small amount of beta-lactamases destroy a large amount of drug. Gram-positive bacteria, such as a staphylococci, have a high ...
Narrow-spectrum antibiotics have low propensity to induce bacterial resistance and are less likely to disrupt the microbiome (normal microflora). [3] On the other hand, indiscriminate use of broad-spectrum antibiotics may not only induce the development of bacterial resistance and promote the emergency of multidrug-resistant organisms, but also cause off-target effects due to dysbiosis.
For ceftriaxone, the color of solutions can range from light yellow to amber, depending on the length of storage, concentration, and diluent used. [ 30 ] [ 31 ] A study found that meropenem concentrations dropped to 90% of the initial concentration at 7.4 hours at 22°C and 5.7 hours at 33°C, indicating degradation over time.
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Cefaclor is frequently used against bacteria responsible for causing skin infections, otitis media, urinary tract infections, and others. Cefaclor has been shown to be active against most strains of the following microorganisms, both in vitro and in clinical infections: Gram positive aerobes - Staphylococci (including coagulase-positive, coagulase-negative, and penicillinase-producing strains ...
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