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Traditionally, necrolytic acral erythema manifests as distinct, dark red hyperkeratotic plaques with a keratotic border that are usually found on the dorsum of the foot and toes. Ankles, legs, and knees may also be affected in some cases. [4] On occasion, lesions may appear on the buttocks, genitalia, hands, and elbows.
Acanthosis nigricans is a medical sign characterised by brown-to-black, poorly defined, velvety hyperpigmentation of the skin. [1] It is usually found in body folds, [2] such as the posterior and lateral folds of the neck, the armpits, groin, navel, forehead and other areas.
Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema, also known as palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia or hand-foot syndrome is reddening, swelling, numbness and desquamation (skin sloughing or peeling) on palms of the hands and soles of the feet (and, occasionally, on the knees, elbows, and elsewhere) that can occur after chemotherapy in patients with cancer.
Gottron's sign is a pathognomonic cutaneous manifestation associated with dermatomyositis (DM), which is an inflammatory disorder affecting the skin and muscles. [1] The primary lesion of dermatomyositis appears as a violaceous, macular erythema with a symmetric distribution, which may progress and become poikilodermatous (atrophic with telangiectasia and pigmentary changes) and indurated (as ...
After a few months hyperkeratosis develops with a dark grey or brown, ridged appearance on the ankles, knees and elbows. [4] Palms and soles are generally unaffected. [3] A slightly unpleasant, sweet odour may be present. [2]
The small red bumps experienced in this type of dermatitis are usually about 1 cm in size, red in color and may be found symmetrically grouped or distributed on the upper or lower back, buttocks, elbows, knees, neck, shoulders and scalp.
Besides affecting height and limb proportions, people with Marfan syndrome may have abnormal lateral curvature of the spine scoliosis, thoracic lordosis, abnormal indentation (pectus excavatum) or protrusion (pectus carinatum) of the sternum, abnormal joint flexibility, a high-arched palate with crowded teeth and an overbite, flat feet, hammer ...
Histology picture of xanthoma showing lipid-laden foam cells with large areas of cholesterol clefts, 10 × magnification, eosin and hematoxylin stain [1] A xanthelasma is a sharply demarcated yellowish collection of cholesterol underneath the skin, usually on or around the eyelids.