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Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 – February 3, 1924) was the 28th president of the United States, serving from 1913 to 1921.He was the only Democrat to serve as president during the Progressive Era when Republicans dominated the presidency and legislative branches.
John Tyler was the first vice president to assume the presidency during a presidential term, setting the precedent that a vice president who does so becomes the fully functioning president with a new, distinct administration. [13] Throughout most of its history, American politics has been dominated by political parties. The Constitution is ...
Newton D. Baker, a progressive Democrat, became Secretary of War in 1916, and Baker led the War Department during World War I. [15] Wilson's cabinet experienced turnover after the conclusion of World War I, with Carter Glass replacing McAdoo as Secretary of the Treasury and A. Mitchell Palmer becoming Attorney General. [16]
First president to be born after World War I. First president to graduate from the United States Naval Academy; part of the class of 1947. [361] [362] First president to use a nickname (Jimmy) in an official capacity. [363] [cv] First president to walk on Pennsylvania Avenue during the inauguration parade. [364]
During World War I, Myrtle Hazard enlisted in the Coast Guard, served as a telegraph operator, and was discharged as an Electrician 1st Class. She was the only woman to serve in the Coast Guard during the war and she is the namesake of USCGC Myrtle Hazard .
During World War II, the proportion of African American men employed in manufacturing positions rose significantly. [344] In response to Roosevelt's policies, African Americans increasingly defected from the Republican Party during the 1930s and 1940s, becoming an important Democratic voting bloc in several Northern states.
For Wilson, this was problematic, given that the United States was likely on the eve of its entry into the First World War. Wilson, thus, privately floated a contingency plan: were Hughes to win, Wilson would immediately appoint Hughes secretary of state (a role which was, at the time, second-in-line to the presidency).
Federal tax policy was highly contentious during the war, with President Franklin D. Roosevelt battling a conservative Congress. Everyone agreed on the need for high taxes to pay for the war. Roosevelt tried unsuccessfully to impose a 100% tax on incomes over $25,000 (equal to $440,192 today), while Congress enlarged the base downward.