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Ā, lowercase ā ("A with macron"), is a grapheme, a Latin A with a macron, used in several orthographies.Ā is used to denote a long A.Examples are the Baltic languages (e.g. Latvian), Polynesian languages, including Māori and Moriori, some romanizations of Japanese, Persian, Pashto, Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (which represents a long A sound) and Arabic, and some Latin texts (especially for ...
An example in Latin: Arma virumque cano, Troiae qui primus ab oris Italiam fato profugus Laviniaque venit (Aeneid 1.1-2)The first syllable of the first word (arma) is heavy ("long by position") because it contains a short vowel (the A) followed by more than one consonant (R and then M)—and if not for the consonants coming after it, it would be light.
The /aː/ ("long A") was found in words such as face [faːs], and before /r/ in words such as scare [skaːr]. This long A was generally a result of Middle English open syllable lengthening. For a summary of the various developments in Old and Middle English that led to these vowels, see English historical vowel correspondences.
cab Cabernet Sauvignon cabriolet caff (UK slang) café cal calorie (in combination, especially "lo-cal") Cal or Cali California Calcutta cam camera camouflage camo camouflage Can Canada or Canadian (in combination)
Long a may refer to: Long a, the traditional name of a vowel in English: see Vowel length § "Long" and "short" vowel letters in spelling and the classroom ...
For example, the first syllable of a word may begin with a vowel or a consonant. In this case, the syllabic vowel can be preceded with a consonant or not or may be followed by a consonant or not. The possibilities for word-initials can be summed up in these possible syllables: V-, CV-, VC-, CVC-.
In syllables of the form CVVC, the VV represents a single long vowel sound. Syllables of the form N can occur when prenasalization of a sound manifests as a syllabic nasal. This is most common with the prenasalizing prefix /ⁿ-/, which acts as an adverbializer when affixed to verbs [ 2 ] : 279 and as a locative when affixed to nouns.
A closed syllable containing a long vowel followed by one consonant (i.e. CVVC), such as باب bāb ' door ' or مادٌّ mād.dun ' stretching (NOM) ' A closed syllable containing a short vowel followed by two consonants (i.e. CVCC), such as بِنْت bint ' girl ' , or a long vowel followed by a geminate consonant (i.e. CVVC i C i ), such ...