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Anthony Ashley-Cooper, Seventh Earl of Shaftesbury was the head of the commission from its founding in 1845 until his death in 1885. [2] The Lunacy Commission was made up of eleven Metropolitan Commissioners: three medical, three legal and five laymen. [3]
The Lunacy Act 1845 or the Lunatics Act 1845 (8 & 9 Vict. c. 100) and the County Asylums Act 1845 (8 & 9 Vict. c. 126) formed mental health law in England and Wales from 1845 to 1890. The Lunacy Act's most important provision was a change in the status of mentally ill people to patients .
The Board of Commissioners in Lunacy for Ireland, more strictly known as the "Commission of General Control and Correspondence", was established in 1821 by the Lunacy (Ireland) Act 1821. [1] The commission consisted of four doctors and four lay members. [ 2 ]
The committee's Report endorsed all of Shaftesbury's recommendations except for one: that a magistrate's signature on a certificate of lunacy be made compulsory. This was not put into law chiefly due to Shaftesbury's opposition to it. [why?] The Report also agreed with Shaftesbury that unwarranted detentions were "extremely rare". [16]
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Although the Lunacy Regulation (Ireland) Act 1871 made some changes relating to Commissioners in Lunacy, the management of the Estates of Lunatics and for the protection of the property of Lunatics in Ireland, [5] aspects of the legislation remained in force until repealed by the Assisted Decision Making (Capacity) Act 2015.
Editor’s Note: This has been updated to reflect that Bridget Ziegler was not at the executive committee election. A decidedly dangerous normalization of lunacy took the form of a name on a sign ...
However the Scottish Lunacy Commission inquiry which reported in 1857 found that the official oversight of mental health institutions "remained at best variable and at worst simply inadequate". [3] It recommended the formation of a "Scottish Lunacy Board" who would address the shortfall in oversight.