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Virtual functions allow a program to call methods that don't necessarily even exist at the moment the code is compiled. [citation needed] In C++, virtual methods are declared by prepending the virtual keyword to the function's declaration in the base class. This modifier is inherited by all implementations of that method in derived classes ...
An object's virtual method table will contain the addresses of the object's dynamically bound methods. Method calls are performed by fetching the method's address from the object's virtual method table. The virtual method table is the same for all objects belonging to the same class, and is therefore typically shared between them.
This pointer function method can result in saving one machine instruction, and avoids the indirect jump (to one of the branch instructions). The resulting list of pointers to functions is almost identical to direct threaded code, and is conceptually similar to a control table. The actual method used to implement a branch table is usually based on:
In object-oriented programming, a virtual base class is a nested inner class whose functions and member variables can be overridden and redefined by subclasses of an outer class. [1] Virtual classes are analogous to virtual functions. The run time type of a virtual class depends on the run time type of an object of the outer class.
Suppose a pure virtual method is defined in the base class. If a deriving class inherits the base class virtually, then the pure virtual method does not need to be defined in that deriving class. However, if the deriving class does not inherit the base class virtually, then all virtual methods must be defined.
A method in object-oriented programming (OOP) is a procedure associated with an object, and generally also a message. An object consists of state data and behavior; these compose an interface, which specifies how the object may be used. A method is a behavior of an object parametrized by a user.
In object-oriented programming, pointers to functions are used for binding methods, often using virtual method tables. A pointer is a simple, more concrete implementation of the more abstract reference data type.
Inline caching is an optimization technique employed by some language runtimes, and first developed for Smalltalk. [1] The goal of inline caching is to speed up runtime method binding by remembering the results of a previous method lookup directly at the call site.