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The French Revolution[ a ] was a period of political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789, and ended with the coup of 18 Brumaire in November 1799 and the formation of the French Consulate. Many of its ideas are considered fundamental principles of liberal democracy, [ 1 ] while its values and institutions ...
The French Revolution had a major impact on Europe and the New World. Historians widely regard the Revolution as one of the most important events in European history. [1] [2] [3] In the short-term, France lost thousands of its countrymen in the form of émigrés, or emigrants who wished to escape political tensions and save their lives.
The third estate was 98%. [1] All of the many types of taxes were paid by the third estate. The society was based on the old French maxim "The nobles fight; the clergy pray and the people pay". Beyond these relatively established facts about the social conditions surrounding the French Revolution, there is significant dissent among historians.
July 14: Irish uprising suppressed by the British army. July 21: Bonaparte defeats the Mameluks at the Battle of the Pyramids. July 24: Bonaparte and his army enter Cairo. August 1: Admiral Nelson and the British fleet destroy the French fleet at the Battle of the Nile, stranding Bonaparte in Egypt.
Hôtel des Menus-Plaisirs, Versailles. The Estates General of 1789 (French: États Généraux de 1789) was a general assembly representing the French estates of the realm: the clergy (First Estate), the nobility (Second Estate), and the commoners (Third Estate). It was the last of the Estates General of the Kingdom of France.
Closing of the Jacobin Club by Louis Legendre, in the early morning of 28 July 1794.Four days later it was reopened by him. [1]In the historiography of the French Revolution, the Thermidorian Reaction (French: Réaction thermidorienne or Convention thermidorienne, "Thermidorian Convention") is the common term for the period between the ousting of Maximilien Robespierre on 9 Thermidor II, or 27 ...
During the French Revolution, the National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale), which existed from 17 June 1789 to 9 July 1789, [ 1 ] was a revolutionary assembly of the Kingdom of France formed by the representatives of the Third Estate (commoners) of the Estates-General and eventually joined by some members of the First and Second Estates.
14 July – The storming of the Bastille, 14 July 1789. The flashpoint of the revolution. 4th of August – The National Constituent Assembly voted to abolish feudalism on 4 August 1789. 10th of August – The storming of the Tuileries Palace, 10 August 1792. The effective end of the French monarchy.