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The first mark sense scanner was the IBM 805 Test Scoring Machine; this read marks by sensing the electrical conductivity of graphite pencil lead using pairs of wire brushes that scanned the page. In the 1930s, Richard Warren at IBM experimented with optical mark sense systems for test scoring, as documented in US Patents 2,150,256 (filed in ...
Derwent (formerly the "Cumberland Pencil Company") is a brand of pencils, art materials, and other stationery. The business began in 1832 in Cumberland under the name of "Banks, Son & Co". [ 1 ] The company was bought by US corporation ACCO Brands (known then as Rexel) in 1980, [ 2 ] and became a brand of their product range.
Two graphite pencils. Both are labelled "HB", but the numeric label differs between "2" and "2 1 ⁄ 2 ". A grading chart ranging from 9B to 9H. Graphite pencils are made of a mixture of clay and graphite and their darkness varies from black to light grey. A higher amount of clay added to the pencil makes it harder, leaving lighter marks.
A pencil is a handheld instrument containing an interior strip of solid material that produces marks used to write and draw, usually on paper. The marking material is most commonly graphite, typically contained inside a wooden sheath. However, other marking materials are used, such as charcoal or cosmetics (as in an eyebrow pencil
Caran d'Ache (French pronunciation: [kaʁɑ̃ daʃ]) is a Swiss manufacturing company of art materials and writing instruments.The company, established in 1915, produces a wide range of products including colored pencils, graphite pencils, pastels, fountain pens, ballpoint pens, mechanical pencils, markers, gouache paints, and ink cartridges.
Prismacolor is a brand of professional visual arts supplies originated in 1938 by the Eagle Pencil Company (rebranded to Berol), and now currently manufactured by Newell Brands. Prismacolor products include, colored and graphite pencils, soft pastels , erasers , pencil sharpeners , and cases.
During the 1860s, people typically wrote with quill pens and ink even though Dixon introduced graphite pencils in 1829. But the American Civil War created a demand for a dry, clean, portable writing instrument and led to the mass production of pencils. At the time of Dixon's death in 1869, the Joseph Dixon Crucible Company was the largest ...
A mechanical pencil or clutch pencil is a pencil with a replaceable and mechanically extendable solid pigment core called a "lead" / ˈ l ɛ d /. The lead , often made of graphite , is not bonded to the outer casing, and the user can mechanically extend it as its point is worn away from use.