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The slow pace of approval was criticized as endangering European food safety [18] [19] although as of 2012, the EU had authorized the use of 48 genetically modified organisms. Most of these were for use in animal feed (it was reported in 2012 that the EU imports about 30 million tons a year of GM crops for animal consumption.
For example, Japan is a leading GM food importer, and permits but has not grown GM food crops. The European Union regulates importation of GM foods, while individual member states determine cultivation. [4] In the US, separate regulatory agencies handle approval for cultivation (USDA, EPA) and for human consumption . [5]
World map of GMO agriculture (hectares) [1] The regulation of genetic engineering varies widely by country. Countries such as the United States, Canada, Lebanon and Egypt use substantial equivalence as the starting point when assessing safety, while many countries such as those in the European Union, Brazil and China authorize GMO cultivation on a case-by-case basis.
The European Union's control of genetically modified organisms is a particular part of an image of the promise and limitations of debate as a framework for supranational regulation. [42] The issues posed by the EU’s GMO regulation have caused major problems in agriculture, politics, societies, status, and other fields.
Genetically modified organisms refers to any plant, animal or microorganism that has been genetically altered, due to modern biotechnology like genetic engineering. Often, GMOs are labeled “GE ...
“Current EU law provides a good basis for systematically analyzing risks — and also for ensuring the traceability of genetically modified organisms in nature and freedom of choice for ...
Also in 1994, the European Union approved tobacco engineered to be resistant to the herbicide bromoxynil, making it the first genetically engineered crop commercialised in Europe. [52] In 1995 Bt Potato was approved safe by the Environmental Protection Agency , after having been approved by the FDA, making it the first pesticide producing crop ...
Advocates support mandatory labeling laws for food made from GMOs . [81] The initial march took place on May 25, 2013. The number of protesters who took part is uncertain; figures of "hundreds of thousands" and the organizers' estimate of "two million" [82] were variously cited.