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  2. East European forest steppe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_European_forest_steppe

    Differences in drainage, variations in soil type (pine trees on sandy soil, deciduous trees on loamy soil, etc.) and salinity, the effects of blowing wind (which drives snow off the hills into depressions, affecting soil quality), and the historic activities of humans all combine to create the mosaic character of the region.

  3. Temperate broadleaf and mixed forests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_broadleaf_and...

    The top layer of the understory is the sub-canopy composed of smaller mature trees, saplings, and suppressed juvenile canopy layer trees awaiting an opening in the canopy. Below the sub-canopy is the shrub layer, composed of low growing woody plants. Typically the lowest growing (and most diverse) layer is the ground cover or herbaceous layer.

  4. Aspen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspen

    Aspen trees are all native to cold regions with cool summers, in the north of the northern hemisphere, extending south at high-altitude areas such as mountains or high plains. They are all medium-sized deciduous trees reaching 15–30 m (50–100 ft) tall. In North America, the aspen is referred to as quaking aspen or trembling aspen because ...

  5. Scandinavian montane birch forest and grasslands - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scandinavian_Montane_Birch...

    The treeline in Norway is currently moving upwards on average by 0.5 - 1 m altitude each year, with more in some areas. The highest altitude tree in Norway in 2019 was a mountain birch growing at 1,404 m ASL in Jotunheimen. [7] The 1991-2020 temperature normal is significantly warmer than the 1961-1990 normal for all of Scandinavia.

  6. Cumberland Plain Woodland - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumberland_Plain_Woodland

    The Cumberland Plain Woodland, also known as Cumberland Plain Bushland [1] and Western Sydney woodland, [2] is a grassy woodland community found predominantly in Western Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, that comprises an open tree canopy, a groundcover with grasses and herbs, usually with layers of shrubs and/or small trees.

  7. Populus deltoides - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populus_deltoides

    Populus deltoides is a large tree growing to 20–30 m (65–100 ft) tall and with a trunk up to 2.8 m (9 ft 2 in) diameter, one of the largest North American hardwood trees. The bark is silvery-white, smooth or lightly fissured when young, becoming dark gray and deeply fissured on old trees. Bark of a mature tree

  8. Montane grasslands and shrublands - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montane_grasslands_and...

    The term "montane" in the name of the biome refers to "high elevation", rather than the ecological term that denotes the region below the treeline. This biome includes high elevation ( montane and alpine ) grasslands and shrublands , including the puna and páramo in South America, subalpine heath in New Guinea and East Africa, steppes of the ...

  9. Temperate deciduous forest - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_deciduous_forest

    Elm trees (Ulmus) and willows (Salix) can also be found dispersed throughout the temperate deciduous forests of the world. [1] While a wide variety of tree species can be found throughout the temperate deciduous forest biome, tree species richness is typically moderate in each individual ecosystem, with only 3 to 4 tree species per square ...