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In July 1941, Baltische Öl GmbH was founded for the oil shale extraction in Estonia. [7] All of the existing oil shale industry was merged into that subsidiary. The company operated in Estonia until September 1944, when Soviet troops were advancing into Estonia.
Between 2018 and 2022 oil-shale extraction and use reduced by 50%. [15] The country's reliance on oil shale has decreased but remains its primary energy source. Between 2011 and 2021, the share of oil shale dropped from 71% to 60% in total energy supply and from 85% to 48% in electricity generation, rebounding to 57% in 2022.
A Statoil petrol station sign in Estonia. Statoil ASA was a Norwegian petroleum company established in 1972. It merged with the oil and gas division of Norsk Hydro in 2007 and was known as StatoilHydro until 2009, when the name was changed back to Statoil ASA.
The Livonian Order is dissolved. The Bailiwick of Maasilinna of the former Livonian Order in Saaremaa and Hiiumaa refuses to recognize Lithuanian power. 1564: The Bailiwick of Maasilinna gives itself under Danish rule. 1573: 1 January: The Russians occupied Pärnu (Pernau) in Western Estonia and the fortress of Weissenstein (Paide). 1578
Estonia's reliance on natural resources is further reflected in increased oil shale extraction, from 9.2 million tons in 2021 to 10.7 million tons in 2022, and a rise in groundwater extraction to 236.5 million cubic meters in 2022.
In 2020, 2,225 GWh or 40.3% of Estonia's electricity was generated from oil shale and 748 GWh or 13.6% was generated from oil shale gas, which is a by-product of the shale oil generation. [128]
Oil shale in Estonia remains a major part of the economy and throughout the 1950s, '60s, '70s, '80s and early '90s, geologists extensively prospected oil shale resources, with peak production in 1980.
To this end, 40% of the total capital investments of the fourth Five Year Plan to be spent in Estonia were intended for investments in oil shale mining infrastructure. Gas-rich oil shale was delivered to Leningrad via a specially built pipeline starting from 1948; gas from this very same source did not reach Tallinn until 1953.