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Allometry studies the relative size of organs or parts of organisms. Tree allometry narrows the definition to applications involving measurements of the growth or size of trees. Allometric relationships often are used to estimate difficult tree measurements, such as volume, from an easily measured attribute such as diameter at breast height (DBH).
An outline of key instrumentation is shown on Process Flow Diagrams (PFD) which indicate the principal equipment and the flow of fluids in the plant. Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&ID) provide details of all the equipment (vessels, pumps, etc), piping and instrumentation on the plant in a symbolic and diagrammatic form.
These C-budgets are instructive, but require extensive measurements. A next level of analysis is to measure the growth allocation: what is the increase in total biomass of a plant, and to what extent is the increase due to growth of leaves, of stems and of roots. In young plants, growth allocation is often quite similar to the actual biomass ...
Biomass (in the context of energy generation) is matter from recently living (but now dead) organisms which is used for bioenergy production. There are variations in how such biomass for energy is defined, e.g. only from plants, [8] or from plants and algae, [9] or from plants and animals. [10]
field level : based on measurements of CO 2 and water fluxes over a field of a crop or a forest, using the eddy covariance technique [4] Research to improve the water-use efficiency of crop plants has been ongoing from the early 20th century, however with difficulties to actually achieve crops with increased water-use efficiency. [5]
When stocking, a tree's basal area is measured. The basal area is a cross-sectional area of the stump taken about 4.5 feet (1.4 m) above the ground. [7] The equation for calculating the basal area of trees in a stand is Basal Area = 0.005454 DBH 2, where DBH is the diameter of the tree at the aforementioned measuring height. [7]
Biomass partitioning is the process by which plants divide their energy among their leaves, stems, roots, and reproductive parts.These four main components of the plant have important morphological roles: leaves take in CO 2 and energy from the sun to create carbon compounds, stems grow above competitors to reach sunlight, roots absorb water and mineral nutrients from the soil while anchoring ...
A process flow diagram (PFD) is a diagram commonly used in chemical and process engineering to indicate the general flow of plant processes and equipment. The PFD displays the relationship between major equipment of a plant facility and does not show minor details such as piping details and designations.