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Casablanca (Arabic: الدار البيضاء, romanized: al-Dār al-Bayḍāʾ, lit. 'the White House', IPA: [adˈdaːru ɫbajdˤaːʔ]) is the largest city in Morocco and the country's economic and business centre.
The basic unit of local government in Morocco is the commune. [1] At the time of the 2014 population census, Morocco was divided into 1538 communes, 256 of which were classified as urban [2] and also called municipalities. [3] The remaining 1282 communes were classified as rural. [2]
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[202] [203] In May 2005, the Second Sahrawi Intifada took place. [204] [205] On 1 January 2006, a comprehensive bilateral free trade agreement between the United States and Morocco took effect. [164] The agreement had been signed in 2004 along with a similar agreement with the European Union, Morocco's main trade partner. [206]
The original Berber name, Anfa (meaning: "hill" in English [1]), was used by the locals until the earthquake of 1755 destroyed the city. When Sultan Mohammed ben Abdallah rebuilt the city's medina, he gave it the name "ad-Dār al-Bayḍāʾ" (الدار البيضاء) a literal translation of Casablanca into Arabic. [2]
As the European ville nouvelle, or "new city," expended eastward of the square, the square evolved from a marketplace to a contact point between the European city and the Casablanca medina, which French colonists described as the "ville indigène." [6] The Tramway winds in front of the BMCI building, through United Nations Square.
The oldest European structure in Casablanca was an abandoned prison allegedly built by the Portuguese, arcades of which now decorate the Arab League Park. [ 16 ] The Church of San Buenaventura (now the Buenaventura Cultural Center ) was built in the medina by the Spanish community of Casablanca in 1890.
1906 - Port of Casablanca construction begins. [3] 1907 30 July: Anti-European unrest; crackdown by French forces. [3] [4] [2] Casa-Port Railway Terminal opens. 1912 French protectorate established. [1] 1914 - Population: 78,000. [1] 1915 - The Franco-Moroccan Fair runs from 5 September to 5 November; 1918 - Public library opens. [5]