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Mucor (short for Mucormycosis) is a microbial genus of approximately 40 species of molds in the family Mucoraceae. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Species are commonly found in soil , digestive systems , plant surfaces, some cheeses like Tomme de Savoie , rotten vegetable matter and iron oxide residue in the biosorption process.
Asexual reproduction often occurs continuously. In heterothallic species, sexual reproduction occurs when opposite mating types (designated + and -) come into close proximity, inducing the formation of specialized hyphae called gametangia. The gametangia grow toward each other, then fuse, forming a diploid zygote at the point of fusion.
Known reproduction states of Mucoromycota are zygospore production and asexual reproduction. Zygospores can have decorations on their surface and range up to several millimeters in diameter. [ 13 ] Asexual reproduction typically involves the production of sporangiospores or chlamydospores . [ 3 ]
Parthenogenesis occurs naturally in some plants, algae, invertebrate animal species (including nematodes, some tardigrades, water fleas, some scorpions, aphids, some mites, some bees, some Phasmatodea, and parasitic wasps), and a few vertebrates, such as some fish, amphibians, and reptiles. This type of reproduction has been induced ...
Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes or change in the number of chromosomes. The offspring that arise by asexual reproduction from either unicellular or multicellular organisms inherit the full set of genes of their single parent and thus the newly created individual is genetically and ...
As predicted, sexual reproduction dominates in shallow water, due to its advantages in parasite resistance. Asexual reproduction is dominant in the deeper water of lakes, as the scarcity of parasites means that the advantages of resistance are outweighed by the costs of sexual reproduction. [54] Each female can produce between 20 and 120 ...
The hemipenis is the intromittent organ of Squamata, [4] which is the second largest order of vertebrates with over 9,000 species distributed around the world. They differ from the intromittent organs of most other amniotes such as mammals, archosaurs and turtles that have a single genital tubercle, as squamates have the paired genitalia remaining separate. [5]
Size dimorphisms are common in snakes; females tend to be larger in populations where the production of large liters is feasible. Males tend to be larger in mating systems in which male-male competition is a large factor. [33] Hydrophiid snakes, otherwise known as sea snakes, have only recently evolved from terrestrial elapids. [34]