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  2. Word (computer architecture) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Word_(computer_architecture)

    Alternatively many word-oriented machines implement byte operations with instructions using special byte pointers in registers or memory. For example, the PDP-10 byte pointer contained the size of the byte in bits (allowing different-sized bytes to be accessed), the bit position of the byte within the word, and the word address of the data ...

  3. Units of information - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Units_of_information

    The byte, 8 bits, 2 nibbles, is possibly the most commonly known and used base unit to describe data size. The word is a size that varies by and has a special importance for a particular hardware context. On modern hardware, a word is typically 2, 4 or 8 bytes, but the size varies dramatically on older hardware.

  4. File size - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_size

    Due to typical file system design, the amount of space allocated for a file is usually larger than the size of the file's data – resulting in a relatively small amount of unusable storage space for each file, called slack space or internal fragmentation.

  5. Byte - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte

    The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits. 1 byte (B) = 8 bits (bit).Historically, the byte was the number of bits used to encode a single character of text in a computer [1] [2] and for this reason it is the smallest addressable unit of memory in many computer architectures.

  6. PDF - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDF

    Portable Document Format (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe in 1992 to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.

  7. Data conversion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_conversion

    Data conversion is the conversion of computer data from one format to another. Throughout a computer environment, data is encoded in a variety of ways. For example, computer hardware is built on the basis of certain standards, which requires that data contains, for example, parity bit checks.

  8. Orders of magnitude (data) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orders_of_magnitude_(data)

    0.6–1.3 bits – approximate information per letter of English text. [3] 2 0: bit: 10 0: bit 1 bit – 0 or 1, false or true, Low or High (a.k.a. unibit) 1.442695 bits (log 2 e) – approximate size of a nat (a unit of information based on natural logarithms) 1.5849625 bits (log 2 3) – approximate size of a trit (a base-3 digit) 2 1

  9. Binary-coded decimal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary-coded_decimal

    No matter how many bytes wide a word is, there is always an even number of nibbles because each byte has two of them. Therefore, a word of n bytes can contain up to (2n)−1 decimal digits, which is always an odd number of digits. A decimal number with d digits requires ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ (d+1) bytes of storage space. For example, a 4-byte (32-bit ...