Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
semiclassical gravity: quantum field theory within a classical curved gravitational background (see general relativity). quantum chaos ; quantization of classical chaotic systems. magnetic properties of materials and astrophysical bodies under the effect of large magnetic fields (see for example De Haas–Van Alphen effect )
The propagator for a gauge boson in a gauge theory depends on the choice of convention to fix the gauge. For the gauge used by Feynman and Stueckelberg , the propagator for a photon is − i g μ ν p 2 + i ε . {\displaystyle {-ig^{\mu \nu } \over p^{2}+i\varepsilon }.}
Physical lattice models frequently occur as an approximation to a continuum theory, either to give an ultraviolet cutoff to the theory to prevent divergences or to perform numerical computations. An example of a continuum theory that is widely studied by lattice models is the QCD lattice model, a discretization of quantum chromodynamics.
Using perturbation theory in quantum field theory in curved spacetime geometry is known as the semiclassical approach to quantum gravity. This approach studies the interaction of quantum fields in a fixed classical spacetime and among other thing predicts the creation of particles by time-varying spacetimes [5] and Hawking radiation. [6]
The Quantum Theory of Fields: Volume I Foundations. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-55001-7. Peskin, Michael; Schroeder, Daniel (1995). An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory. Perseus Books Group. ISBN 978-0-201-50397-5. Zinn-Justin, Jean (1996). Quantum Field Theory and Critical Phenomena (3rd ed.). Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19 ...
The resulting configuration is geometrically a periodic lattice. The distribution of bonds on this lattice is represented by a directed-graph (arrows) and can be either ordered or disordered. In 1935, Linus Pauling used the ice rules to calculate the residual entropy (zero temperature entropy) of ice I h . [ 3 ]
In physics, lattice gauge theory is the study of gauge theories on a spacetime that has been discretized into a lattice. Gauge theories are important in particle physics , and include the prevailing theories of elementary particles : quantum electrodynamics , quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and particle physics' Standard Model .
Schematic of D2Q9 lattice vectors for 2D Lattice Boltzmann. Unlike CFD methods that solve the conservation equations of macroscopic properties (i.e., mass, momentum, and energy) numerically, LBM models the fluid consisting of fictive particles, and such particles perform consecutive propagation and collision processes over a discrete lattice.