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Twinning results when different parts of the crystal break their isometric symmetry along a different choice of axis. This is typically polysynthetic twinning, which enables the crystal to maintain its isometric shape by averaging out the displacement in each direction. This produces a pseudomorphic crystal that appears to have isometric symmetry.
Plagioclase in hand samples is often identified by its polysynthetic crystal twinning or "record-groove" effect. Plagioclase is a major constituent mineral in Earth's crust and is consequently an important diagnostic tool in petrology for identifying the composition, origin and evolution of igneous rocks.
Albite is a plagioclase feldspar mineral.It is the sodium endmember of the plagioclase solid solution series. It represents a plagioclase with less than 10% anorthite content. . The pure albite endmember has the formula Na
Green to dark green; colorless to pale green in thin section: Crystal habit: Rarely in rough crystals; anhedral, granular to massive: Twinning: Single and polysynthetic twinning common on {100} Cleavage: Good on {110}, {110} ^ {1 1 0} ≈87°; parting on {100} Fracture: Uneven to conchoidal: Tenacity: Brittle: Mohs scale hardness: 5–6: Luster ...
In thin sections staurolite is commonly twinned and shows lower first order birefringence similar to quartz, with the twinning displaying optical continuity. It can be identified in metamorphic rocks by its swiss cheese appearance (with poikilitic quartz ) and often mantled porphyroblastic character.
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This combination leads to a grid pattern, hence microcline displays gridiron twinning. Can also display carlsbad twinning, simple twins, or lack twinning altogether. Lamellae in microcline are discontinuous and "pinch and swell". Photomicrograph of thin section of microcline showing crosshatched crystal twinning (in cross polarized light) Cleavage