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In fact, the low ATP:ADP ratio caused by this effect likely contributes to the deactivation of mitochondria. Mitochondrial membrane potential is hyperpolarized to prevent voltage-sensitive permeability transition pores (PTP) from triggering of apoptosis. [27] [28] There are many works that sustain that cancer is a metabolic disease.
Membrane potential (also transmembrane potential or membrane voltage) is the difference in electric potential between the interior and the exterior of a biological ...
56753 Ensembl ENSG00000184292 ENSMUSG00000051397 UniProt P09758 Q8BGV3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002353 NM_020047 RefSeq (protein) NP_002344 NP_064431 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 58.58 – 58.58 Mb Chr 6: 67.51 – 67.51 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2, also known as Trop-2 and as epithelial glycoprotein-1 antigen (EGP-1) is a protein ...
Cote earned a BA in Chemistry and a BS in Biology from the University of California, Irvine in 1976, followed by an MD from the University of Chicago in 1980. He completed a surgical internship at the University of Michigan (1980-1981), pursued a pathology residency at Cornell University (1985-1987), and held several fellowships at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center between 1981 and 1990 ...
The MAPK protein is an enzyme, a protein kinase that can attach phosphate to target proteins such as the transcription factor MYC and, thus, alter gene transcription and, ultimately, cell cycle progression. Many cellular proteins are activated downstream of the growth factor receptors (such as EGFR) that initiate this signal transduction pathway.
The concept of the tumor microenvironment (TME) dates back to 1863 when Rudolf Virchow established a connection between inflammation and cancer. However, it was not until 1889 that Stephen Paget's seed and soil theory introduced the important role of TME in cancer metastasis, highlighting the intricate relationship between tumors and their surrounding microenvironment.
As a result, the opening of voltage-gated hydrogen channels usually hyperpolarize the cell membrane, or makes the membrane potential more negative. [10] A recent discovery has shown that the voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 is highly expressed in human breast tumor tissues that are metastatic, but not in non-metastatic breast cancer tissues. [11]
In human prostate cancer, the higher expressing tumors are associated with quicker time to progression and a greater percentage of patients suffering relapse. [ 21 ] [ 22 ] In vitro studies using prostate and breast cancer cell lines with decreased PSMA levels showed a significant decrease in the proliferation, migration, invasion, adhesion and ...