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  2. Frequency (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_(statistics)

    A frequency distribution shows a summarized grouping of data divided into mutually exclusive classes and the number of occurrences in a class. It is a way of showing unorganized data notably to show results of an election, income of people for a certain region, sales of a product within a certain period, student loan amounts of graduates, etc.

  3. Comma-separated values - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comma-separated_values

    Comma-separated values (CSV) is a text file format that uses commas to separate values, and newlines to separate records. A CSV file stores tabular data (numbers and text) in plain text, where each line of the file typically represents one data record. Each record consists of the same number of fields, and these are separated by commas in the ...

  4. Data compression ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression_ratio

    Thus, a representation that compresses the storage size of a file from 10 MB to 2 MB yields a space saving of 1 - 2/10 = 0.8, often notated as a percentage, 80%. For signals of indefinite size, such as streaming audio and video, the compression ratio is defined in terms of uncompressed and compressed data rates instead of data sizes:

  5. Tab-separated values - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tab-separated_values

    Tab-separated values (TSV) is a simple, text-based file format for storing tabular data. [3] Records are separated by newlines , and values within a record are separated by tab characters . The TSV format is thus a delimiter-separated values format, similar to comma-separated values .

  6. Zipf's law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zipf's_law

    It is usually found that the most common word occurs approximately twice as often as the next common one, three times as often as the third most common, and so on. For example, in the Brown Corpus of American English text, the word " the " is the most frequently occurring word, and by itself accounts for nearly 7% of all word occurrences ...

  7. Data file - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_file

    A text file contains human-readable characters. A user can read the contents of a text file or edit it using a text editor. In text files, each line of text is terminated, (delimited) with a special character known as EOL (End of Line) character. In text files some internal translations take place when this EOL character is read or written. [1]

  8. Co-occurrence matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-occurrence_matrix

    The (,) value of the co-occurrence matrix gives the number of times in the image that the and pixel values occur in the relation given by the offset. For an image with p {\displaystyle p} different pixel values, the p × p {\displaystyle p\times p} co-occurrence matrix C is defined over an n × m {\displaystyle n\times m} image I {\displaystyle ...

  9. Co-occurrence network - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Co-occurrence_network

    A co-occurrence network created with KH Coder. Co-occurrence network, sometimes referred to as a semantic network, [1] is a method to analyze text that includes a graphic visualization of potential relationships between people, organizations, concepts, biological organisms like bacteria [2] or other entities represented within written material.