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Sodium chloride / ˌ s oʊ d i ə m ˈ k l ɔːr aɪ d /, [8] commonly known as edible salt, is an ionic compound with the chemical formula NaCl, representing a 1:1 ratio of sodium and chlorine ions. It is transparent or translucent, brittle, hygroscopic , and occurs as the mineral halite .
Salts have long had a wide variety of uses and applications. Many minerals are ionic. [82] Humans have processed common salt (sodium chloride) for over 8000 years, using it first as a food seasoning and preservative, and now also in manufacturing, agriculture, water conditioning, for de-icing roads, and many other uses. [83]
*The P Conductivity is the conductivity of polycrystalline Tin. TPRC Tin is well annealed 99.999+% pure white tin with residual electrical resistivity ρ 0 =0.000120, 0.0001272 & 0.000133 μ Ω cm respectively for the single crystal along directions perpendicular ⊥ {\displaystyle \perp } and parallel ∥ {\displaystyle \parallel } to the c ...
Note: ρ is density, n is refractive index at 589 nm, [clarification needed] and η is viscosity, all at 20 °C; T eq is the equilibrium temperature between two phases: ice/liquid solution for T eq < 0–0.1 °C and NaCl/liquid solution for T eq above 0.1 °C.
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From cold solutions, salt crystallises as the dihydrate NaCl·2H 2 O. Solutions of sodium chloride have very different properties from those of pure water; the freezing point is −21.12 °C (−6.02 °F) for 23.31 wt% of salt, and the boiling point of saturated salt solution is around 108.7 °C (227.7 °F).
Sodium chloride, also known as 'edible salt' or 'table salt' [87] (chemical formula NaCl), is the principal source of sodium (Na) in the diet and is used as seasoning and preservative in such commodities as pickled preserves and jerky. For Americans, most sodium chloride comes from processed foods. [88]
This opaque, green-banded mineral crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system, and most often forms botryoidal, fibrous, or stalagmitic masses, in fractures and deep, underground spaces, where the water table and hydrothermal fluids provide the means for chemical precipitation.