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The plains bison and the wood bison numbered in the millions during the Pleistocene and most of the Holocene, until European settlers drove them to near-extinction in the late 19th century. The plains bison has made a recovery in many regions of its former range, and is involved in several local rewilding projects across the Midwestern United ...
The peak of the wood bison's shoulder hump sits anterior to the forelegs, while the plains bison's shoulder hump is located directly above the forelegs. Wood bison also have larger horn cores, darker and woollier hair and less hair on their forelegs, with smaller and more pointed beards. [7]
American bison occupy less than one percent of their historical range with fewer than 20,000 bison in conservation herds on public, tribal or private protected lands. The roughly 500,000 animals that are raised for commercial purposes are not included unless the entity is engaged in conservation efforts.
A program in Alaska has been launched to reintroduce wood bison into the United States, as a herd was recently found in Canada. Up until the discovery, wood bison were declared extinct for decades.
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Wood bison reintroduction program in Sakha Republic. Since 2006, an outherd of wood bison sent from Alberta's Elk Island National Park was established in Yakutia, Russia [61] [62] [63] as a practice of pleistocene rewilding; wood bison are the most similar to the extinct steppe bison species (Bison priscus).
First, bison are trapped at the Stephens Creek Bison Capture Facility where they are sorted by age and sex into different enclosed pens. [75] A blood sample is also taken and they are tested for brucellosis with only about 30% of animals qualifying for the program. [74] Bison that test negative can go into quarantine.