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2. Shia–Sunni relations - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shia–Sunni_relations

   Almost 90% of Pakistan's Muslim population is Sunni, with 10% being Shia, but this Shia minority forms the second largest Shia population of any country, [228] larger than the Shia majority in Iraq. Until recently Shia–Sunni relations have been cordial, and a majority of people of both sects participated in the creation the state of Pakistan ...

3. Origin of Shia Islam - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Origin_of_Shia_Islam

   Shiism began for the first time with a reference made to the partisans of Ali the first leader of the Ahl al-Bayt (Household of the prophet). [8] In the early years of Islamic history there was no "orthodox" Sunni or "heretical" Shiite, but rather of two points of view that were drifting steadily until became manifest as early as the death of Muhammad the prophet of Islam.

4. History of Shia Islam - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Shia_Islam

   Diagram showing three of Shia and other branches. Shia Islam and Sunnism split in the aftermath of the death of Muhammad based on the politics of the early caliphs. Due to the Shi'a belief that Ali should have been the first caliph, the three caliphs that preceded him, Abu Bakr, Umar, and Usman, were considered illegitimate usurpers.

5. Sunni Islam - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunni_Islam

   The word Sunni refers to those who observe the Sunnah, referring to the traditions and practices of Muhammad. [5] [6] The differences between Sunni and Shia Muslims arose from a disagreement over the succession to Muhammad and subsequently acquired broader political significance, as well as theological and juridical dimensions. [7]

6. First Fitna - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Fitna

   The Heirs of the Prophet Muhammad: And the Roots of the Sunni-Shia Schism. Abacus. ISBN 978-0349117577. Bowering, Gerhard, ed. (2013). "Ali b. Abi Talib". The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0691134840. Jafri, S.H.M (1979). Origins and Early Development of Shia Islam. London: Longman.

7. Shi'a Century - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shi'a_Century

   The weakness of the Abbasid regime allowed the creation of a number of Shi'a regimes in the remoter corners of the Islamic world, such as the Zaydi states in Tabaristan (in 864) and Yemen (in 897), [5] but most notably, it provided the opportunity for the massive spread of the clandestine millennialist Isma'ili missionary movement, which gave birth to the Qarmatians and the Fatimid Caliphate.