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The Hereford is a British breed of beef cattle originally from Herefordshire in the West Midlands of England. [3] It was the result of selective breeding from the mid-eighteenth century by a few families in Herefordshire, beginning some decades before the noted work of Robert Bakewell .
Thomas Lewis founded his Hereford herd at The Woodhouse, Shobdon, Herefordshire in 1822, [2] 24 years before the publication of the first Hereford Cattle Herd Book. Many animals were exported from The Woodhouse Herd especially to the United States of America in the boom years of the 1880s, [3] although Hereford cattle had first been introduced to the country in either 1816 or 1817. [4]
William Susan "Sude" Ikard (July 7, 1847 in Noxubee County, Mississippi – September 13, 1934 in Henrietta, Texas [1]) was a Texas cattle rancher. Ikard is credited with bringing the first Hereford cattle to Texas, in 1876. These cattle "became the nucleus of the state's Hereford industry."
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By 1976, the Polled Hereford breed was numerically greater than the horned variety in the United States, and was about three-fourths of Iowa's Hereford stock. [2] The Iowa Polled Hereford Association erected a historical marker at the site. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. [1]
An American breeder, Richard Gradwohl, has developed eighteen different strains of miniature cattle. [3] Miniature Galloway, Hereford and Holstein have been bred. [2]: 245 [3] In the United States, small zebuine cattle deriving from stock imported from Brazil, the Dominican Republic and Sweden may be registered as "Miniature Zebu"; [2]: 245 in Australia, similar cattle may be known as "Nadudana".
A Hereford cow licks her newborn calf clean.. A cow calf operation is a method of rearing beef cattle in which a permanent herd of cows is kept by a farmer or rancher to produce calves for later sale.
Hays Converters are an early maturing breed, this feature allows them to breed and produce offspring sooner than other breeds of cattle. [4] Hays chose three particular breeds of cattle in order to achieve the optimal breed of cattle. He achieved this by combination crosses of Holstein cattle on Hereford cattle and Brown Swiss cattle. [3]