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The Australian Senate.Crossbenchers sit in the seats between the two sides. In the federal Parliament of Australia as well as the parliaments of the Australian states and territories, the term crossbencher refers to any and all minor party and independent members of the parliaments. [11]
Most non-party Lords Temporal are crossbenchers. Peers may also be required to sit as non-affiliated while they hold certain senior positions within the Lords (e.g. the senior deputy speaker), as a means to preserve the neutrality of their official roles.
The Lord Great Chamberlain is a hereditary office in gross post among the Cholmondeley, Heathcote-Drummond-Willoughby and Carington families.. In 1902 it was ruled by the House of Lords that the then joint office holders (the 1st Earl of Ancaster, the 4th Marquess of Cholmondeley, and the Earl Carrington, later Marquess of Lincolnshire) had to agree on a deputy to exercise the office, subject ...
Crossbenchers sit on the benches immediately opposite the Woolsack. [ 109 ] The Lords Chamber is the site of many formal ceremonies, the most famous of which is the State Opening of Parliament , held at the beginning of each new parliamentary session.
The Mackerras pendulum was devised by the Australian psephologist Malcolm Mackerras as a way of predicting the outcome of an election contested between two major parties in a Westminster-style lower house legislature such as the Australian House of Representatives, which is composed of single-member electorates and uses a preferential voting system such as a Condorcet method or instant-runoff ...
Elections of the excepted hereditary peers were held in October and November 1999, before the House of Lords Act 1999 excluded most hereditary peers from the membership of the House of Lords allowing Earl Marshal, Lord Great Chamberlain and 90 others to remain in the House. [1]
In current practice, the Lords Commissioners usually include the Lord Chancellor, the Archbishop of Canterbury (who is named but usually does not participate), the leaders of the three major parties in the House of Lords, the convenor of the House of Lords Crossbenchers and (since 2007) the Lord Speaker.
This template outputs the lists of parliamentary political groups for transclusion in the infoboxes of Parliament of the United Kingdom, House of Commons of the United Kingdom and House of Lords, for ease of updating.