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The Madagascar lowland forests or Madagascar humid forests [2] are a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion found on the eastern coast of the island of Madagascar, home to a plant and animal mix that is 80 to 90% endemic, with the forests of the eastern plain being a particularly important location of this endemism.
The lowland rainforest of Manombo is home to a wide variety of animal species, of which 90% are endemic. It is the only protected area providing shelter to the endangered poisonous Bernhard's mantella frog, and hosts 52 species of endemic snails, the greatest diversity of any protected area in Madagascar.
Madagascar Eastern Highlands includes the middle and upper catchments of Madagascar's eastern coastal rivers. [ 4 ] Northwestern Madagascar encompasses the westward-flowing drainage basins from the northern tip of Madagascar to the Mahavavy du Sud River, including the Mananjeba , North Mahavavy (Mahavavy du Nord), Sambirano , Ankofia , Sofia ...
Madagascar lost 44% of its original forest between 1953 and 2014. [12] The central highlands are the most densely populated region of Madagascar, and includes the country's capital and largest city, Antananarivo. The highlands' population is growing. Madagascar's high plateau forests have been altered by humans in most places.
The transition between the lowland rainforests and the mid-altitude rainforest is gradual. [22] The canopy reaches heights of 18–25 m (59–82 ft), [17] [21] and sun-loving epiphytes, shrubs, and other forest floor species take advantage of the elevated light levels. The increased humidity also favors mosses and ferns. [21]
Andohahela National Park is 40 kilometres (25 mi) north-west of Fort-Dauphin and at the southern end of the Malagasy Highlands. The park is divided into three zones. The first, Malio, ranges from 100 metres (330 ft) to the summit of Pic d' Andohahela at 1,956 metres (6,417 ft), and has dense lowland and montane rainforest with more than two hundred species of tree ferns, orchids, wild vanilla ...
Ambato Atsinanana, also known as Ambatoatsinanana, is a protected area in Anosy Region of southeastern Madagascar. It consists of three separate areas, which protect coastal strand, littoral forest, lowland rainforest, and mangrove habitats. It is part of the Sainte Luce Forest, which is home to several endemic species of plants and animals.
Research in Masoala National Park, the largest protected forest in Madagascar, [29] showed that there was a positive correlation between mean tree height and lemur abundance. [30] This explains why the primary lowland forests, which had the tallest trees and most canopy cover, had the greatest number of lemurs. [30]