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A replica of a Man'yōshū poem No. 8, by Nukata no Ōkimi. The Man'yōshū (万葉集, pronounced [maɰ̃joꜜːɕɯː]; literally "Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves") [a] [1] is the oldest extant collection of Japanese waka (poetry in Old Japanese or Classical Japanese), [b] compiled sometime after AD 759 during the Nara period.
Waka (和歌, "Japanese poem") is a type of poetry in classical Japanese literature. Although waka in modern Japanese is written as 和歌 , in the past it was also written as 倭歌 (see Wa , an old name for Japan), and a variant name is yamato-uta ( 大和歌 ) .
The Kokinshū is the first of the Nijūichidaishū (二十一代集), the 21 collections of Japanese poetry compiled at Imperial request.It was the most influential realization of the ideas of poetry at the time, dictating the form and format of Japanese poetry until the late nineteenth century; it was the first anthology to divide itself into seasonal and love poems.
In the ninth and tenth centuries, however, notably with the compilation of the Kokinshū, the short poem became the dominant form of poetry in Japan, and the originally general word waka (和歌, "Japanese poem") became the standard name for this form. [4] Japanese poet and critic Masaoka Shiki revived the term tanka in the early twentieth ...
This is a list of kigo, which are words or phrases that are associated with a particular season in Japanese poetry.They provide an economy of expression that is especially valuable in the very short haiku, as well as the longer linked-verse forms renku and renga, to indicate the season referenced in the poem or stanza.
In the time of the Man'yōshū (compiled after 759 AD), the term "tanka" was used to distinguish "short poems" from the longer chōka (長歌, "long poems").In the ninth and tenth centuries, however, notably with the compilation of the Kokin Wakashū, the short poem became the dominant form of poetry in Japan, and the originally general word waka (和歌, "Japanese poem") became the standard ...
The last ten sections included poetry on the 'names of things', love, laments, occasional poems, miscellaneous verse, and finally traditional and ceremonial poems from the Bureau of Poetry. The compilers included the name of the author of each poem, and the topic (題 dai) or inspiration of the poem, if known.
The poem was originally included in the Kokinshū as #133, in the section dedicated to seasonal (spring [citation needed]) poetry. [15] The poem is filled with many layers of significance, with almost every word carrying more than one meaning. [16] It was the subject of a short essay appended to Peter McMillan's translation of the Ogura ...