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Virus classification showing major ranks This is a list of genera of biological viruses. See also Comparison of computer viruses. This is an alphabetical list of genera of biological viruses. It includes all genera and subgenera of viruses listed by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) 2022 release. [1]
Virus classification is the process of naming viruses and placing them into a taxonomic system similar to the classification systems used for cellular organisms. Viruses are classified by phenotypic characteristics, such as morphology , nucleic acid type, mode of replication, host organisms , and the type of disease they cause.
A virus genus is a group of related species that share some significant properties and often only differ in host range and virulence. A genus name must be a single word ending in the suffix -virus. Approval of a new genus must be accompanied by the approval of a type species. [10]: §3.24
This genus appears to be most closely related to Influenza C, from which it diverged several hundred years ago. [55] There are at least two extant strains of this genus. [56] The main hosts appear to be cattle, but the virus has been known to infect pigs as well.
Virus classification showing major ranks This is a list of biological virus families and subfamilies. See also Comparison of computer viruses. This is an alphabetical list of biological virus families and subfamilies; it includes those families and subfamilies listed by the ICTV 2023 report. [1] For a list of individual species, see List of ...
In 1962, André Lwoff, Robert Horne, and Paul Tournier were the first to develop a means of virus classification, based on the Linnaean hierarchical system. [94] This system based classification on phylum , class , order , family , genus , and species .
The "Jeryl Lynn" strain of the mumps virus, which belongs to genotype A, [14] continues to be used in vaccines against mumps. [20] Mumps virus was recognized as a species in 1971 by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), which oversees virus taxonomy, when it was assigned to the genus Paramyxovirus.
Barmah Forest virus is related to the Semliki Forest virus. Middelburg virus, although classified as a separate complex, may be a member of the Semliki Forest virus group. It seems likely that the genus evolved in the Old World from an insect-borne plant virus. [12] Sindbis virus may have originated in South America. [13]