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A desmosome (/ ˈ d ɛ z m ə ˌ s oʊ m /; [1] [2] "binding body"), also known as a macula adherens (plural: maculae adherentes) (Latin for adhering spot), is a cell structure specialized for cell-to-cell adhesion.
Similarly to desmosomes and hemidesmosomes, their transmembrane anchors are composed of cadherins in those that anchor to other cells and integrins (focal adhesion) in those that anchor to extracellular matrix. There is considerable morphologic diversity among adherens junctions. Those that tie cells to one another are seen as isolated streaks ...
In cell biology, adherens junctions (or zonula adherens, intermediate junction, or "belt desmosome" [1]) are protein complexes that occur at cell–cell junctions and cell–matrix junctions in epithelial and endothelial tissues, [2] usually more basal than tight junctions.
Hemidesmosomes can be categorized into two types based on their protein constituents. Type 1 hemidesmosomes are found in stratified and pseudo-stratified epithelium.Type 1 hemidesmosomes have five main elements: integrin α6 β4, plectin in its isoform 1a, i. e. P1a, tetraspanin protein CD151, BPAG1e, or bullous pemphigoid antigen isoform e, and BPAG2 (also known as BP180 or type 17 collagen). [2]
Desmosomes function to anchor intermediate filaments at sites of strong adhesion, which undergo high mechanical stress, such as in cardiac muscle. [14] Desmocollins are integral components to desmosomes and studies have shown that in addition to tensile strength, desmocollins also function as molecular sensors and facilitators of signal ...
Cell adhesion in desmosomes. Desmoplakin is a protein in humans that is encoded by the DSP gene. [5] [6] [7] Desmoplakin is a critical component of desmosome structures in cardiac muscle and epidermal cells, which function to maintain the structural integrity at adjacent cell contacts.
Tonofibrils are cytoplasmic protein structures in epithelial tissues that converge at desmosomes and hemidesmosomes. [1] They consist of fine fibrils in epithelial cells that are anchored to the cytoskeleton. [2] They were discovered by Rudolf Heidenhain, and first described in detail by Louis-Antoine Ranvier in 1897. [3]
1823 13505 Ensembl ENSG00000134765 ENSMUSG00000044322 UniProt Q08554 P55849 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_024421 NM_004948 NM_001291804 NM_013504 RefSeq (protein) NP_004939 NP_077739 NP_001278733 NP_038532 Location (UCSC) Chr 18: 31.13 – 31.16 Mb Chr 18: 20.22 – 20.25 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Desmocollin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DSC1 gene. The ...