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  2. Comparison of file systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_file_systems

    While storage devices usually have their size expressed in powers of 10 (for instance a 1 TB Solid State Drive will contain at least 1,000,000,000,000 (10 12, 1000 4) bytes), filesystem limits are invariably powers of 2, so usually expressed with IEC prefixes. For instance, a 1 TiB limit means 2 40, 1024 4 bytes. Approximations (rounding down ...

  3. Non-RAID drive architectures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-RAID_drive_architectures

    Non-RAID drive architectures also exist, and are referred to by acronyms with tongue-in-cheek similarity to RAID: JBOD (just a bunch of disks): described multiple hard disk drives operated as individual independent hard disk drives. SPAN or BIG: A method of combining the free space on multiple hard disk drives from "JBoD" to create a spanned ...

  4. Binary prefix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_prefix

    On the other hand, a hard disk whose capacity is specified by the manufacturer as "10 gigabytes" or "10 GB", holds 10 × 10 9 = 10 000 000 000 bytes, or a little more than that, but less than 10 × 2 30 = 10 737 418 240 and a file whose size is listed as "2.3 GB" may have a size closer to 2.3 × 2 30 ≈ 2 470 000 000 or to 2.3 × 10 9 = 2 300 ...

  5. Large-file support - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large-file_support

    When hard disk drives reached a size of 2 terabyte (around 2010) the master boot record had to be replaced by the GUID Partition Table which uses 64-bit for the LBA numbers (logical block address). On Unix-like operating systems it did also require to enlarge the inode numbers which are used in some functions (stat64, setrlimit64).

  6. Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-Monitoring,_Analysis...

    Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T. or SMART) is a monitoring system included in computer hard disk drives (HDDs) and solid-state drives (SSDs). [3] Its primary function is to detect and report various indicators of drive reliability, or how long a drive can function while anticipating imminent hardware failures. [4] [5]

  7. List of disk drive form factors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_disk_drive_form...

    8-, 5.25-, 3.5-, 2.5-, 1.8- and 1-inch HDDs, together with a ruler to show the length of platters and read-write heads A newer 2.5-inch (63.5 mm) 6,495 MB HDD compared to an older 5.25-inch full-height 110 MB HDD. IBM's first hard drive, the IBM 350, used a stack of fifty 24-inch platters and was of a size comparable to two large refrigerators.

  8. Extent (file systems) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extent_(file_systems)

    A file can consist of zero or more extents; one file fragment requires one extent. The direct benefit is in storing each range compactly as two numbers, instead of canonically storing every block number in the range. [1] Also, extent allocation results in less file fragmentation.

  9. NTFS - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTFS

    NTFS-3G is a free GPL-licensed FUSE implementation of NTFS that was initially developed as a Linux kernel driver by Szabolcs Szakacsits. It was re-written as a FUSE program to work on other systems that FUSE supports like macOS , FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD , [ 40 ] Solaris, QNX , and Haiku [ 41 ] and allows reading and writing to NTFS partitions.