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Ochre (/ ˈ oʊ k ər / OH-kər; from Ancient Greek ὤχρα (ṓkhra), from ὠχρός (ōkhrós) 'pale'), iron ochre, or ocher in American English, is a natural clay earth pigment, a mixture of ferric oxide and varying amounts of clay and sand. [2] It ranges in colour from yellow to deep orange or brown.
Umber is a natural earth pigment consisting of iron oxide and manganese oxide; it has a brownish color that can vary among shades of yellow, red, and green. [ 3 ] : 39 Umber is considered one of the oldest pigments known to humans, first seen in Ajanta Caves in 200 BC – 600 AD.
Number Sample Colour name Description, examples RAL 8000: Green brown: Under the name Gelbbraun since 1941 for the Afrika Korps of Wehrmacht also used by the Bundeswehr: RAL 8001: Ochre brown: RAL 8002: Signal brown: Extra camouflage colour (to RAL 7021) for vehicles of the Wehrmacht before 1940 RAL 8003: Clay brown: RAL 8004: Copper brown: RAL ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 16 February 2025. For other color lists, see Lists of colors. This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources. Find sources: "List of colors" alphabetical ...
[1] [2] Other earth pigments include the green earth pigments or terres vertes, blue earth pigments such as vivianite-based "blue ochre", white earth pigments such as chalk, and black earth pigments such as charcoal. [3] [4] Earth pigments are known for their fast drying time in oil painting, relative inexpensiveness, and lightfastness. Cave ...
Raw umber (PBr7): a natural clay pigment consisting of iron oxide, manganese oxide and aluminum oxide: Fe 2 O 3 + MnO 2 + n H 2 O + SiO 2 + Al 2 O 3. When calcined (heated) it is referred to as burnt umber and has more intense colors. Raw sienna (PBr7): a naturally occurring yellow-brown pigment from limonite clay. Used in art since prehistoric ...
The pigment is also known as red earth, red ochre, and terra rossa. On the Color Index International, the pigment is known as PR-102. This version is from the Italian Ferrario 1919 color list. The first recorded use of burnt sienna as a color name in English was in 1853. [19]
Raw umber and burnt umber are two of the oldest pigments used by humans. Umber is a brown clay, containing a large amount of iron oxide and between five and twenty percent manganese oxide, which give the color. Its shade varies from a greenish brown to a dark brown. It takes its name from the Italian region of Umbria, where