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Recipes and process checklists, while not computer programs, are also familiar concepts that are similar in style to imperative programming; each step is an instruction, and the physical world holds the state. Since the basic ideas of imperative programming are both conceptually familiar and directly embodied in the hardware, most computer ...
COBOL (/ ˈ k oʊ b ɒ l,-b ɔː l /; an acronym for "common business-oriented language") is a compiled English-like computer programming language designed for business use. It is an imperative, procedural, and, since 2002, object-oriented language. COBOL is primarily used in business, finance, and administrative systems for companies and ...
WATBOL is a teaching compiler for the COBOL programming language developed in 1969 at the University of Waterloo. [1] [2] [3] The compiler was a companion product, built under the design philosophy, of Waterloo's earlier, widely used WATFOR teaching compiler. Since programs written by undergraduate students were unlikely to be run more than a ...
The resulting program is a series of steps that forms a hierarchy of calls to its constituent procedures. The first major procedural programming languages appeared c. 1957 –1964, including Fortran, ALGOL, COBOL, PL/I and BASIC. [2] Pascal and C were published c. 1970 –1972.
Use of IBM COBOL was so widespread that Capex Corporation, an independent software vendor, made a post-code generation phase object code optimizer for it. [3] The Capex Optimizer became a quite successful product. [4] Although the IBM COBOL Compiler Family web site [5] only mentions AIX, Linux, and z/OS, IBM still offers COBOL on z/VM and z/VSE.
Job Control Language (JCL) is a scripting language used on IBM mainframe operating systems to instruct the system on how to run a batch job or start a subsystem. [1] The purpose of JCL is to say which programs to run, using which files or devices [2] for input or output, and at times to also indicate under what conditions to skip a step.
A high-level programming language is a programming language with strong abstraction from the details of the computer.In contrast to low-level programming languages, it may use natural language elements, be easier to use, or may automate (or even hide entirely) significant areas of computing systems (e.g. memory management), making the process of developing a program simpler and more ...
Development on the OpenCOBOL 1.1 pre-release continued until February 2009. In May 2012, active development transitioned to SourceForge, and the February 2009 pre-release was officially marked as a release. [3] In late September 2013, OpenCOBOL was accepted as a GNU Project, renamed to GNU Cobol, and then finally to GnuCOBOL in September 2014. [4]