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Nazi human experimentation was a series of medical experiments on prisoners by Nazi Germany in its concentration camps mainly between 1942 and 1945. There were 15,754 documented victims, of various nationalities and age groups, although the true number is believed to be more extensive.
Nazi Germany performed human experimentation on large numbers of prisoners (including children), largely Jews from across Europe, but also Romani, Sinti, ethnic Poles, Soviet prisoners of war, homosexuals and disabled Germans, in its concentration camps mainly in the early 1940s, during World War II and the Holocaust.
After the war, the German Medical Association blamed Nazi atrocities on a small group of 350 criminal doctors. [1] [2] [3] During the Doctors' trial, the defense argued that there was no international law to distinguish between legal and illegal human experimentation, [4] which led to the creation of the Nuremberg Code (1947).
SS doctors, in particular, were marked as war criminals due to the wide range of human medical experimentation which had been conducted during World War II as well as the role SS doctors had played in the gas chamber selections of the Holocaust. [18] Later charges were brought against SS intellectuals and SS physicians by the German state. [19]
After the horrific Nazi experiments, it was overwhelmingly clear that the medical experimentation performed by the Nazis needed a response and so, during the Nuremberg Tribunals a set of ...
Josef Rudolf Mengele (German: [ˈjoːzɛf ˈmɛŋələ] ⓘ; 16 March 1911 – 7 February 1979) was a German Schutzstaffel (SS) officer and physician during World War II at the Russian front and then at Auschwitz during the Holocaust, where he was nicknamed the "Angel of Death" (German: Todesengel). [1]
Sigmund Rascher (12 February 1909 – 26 April 1945) was a German Schutzstaffel (SS) doctor. He conducted deadly experiments on humans pertaining to high altitude, freezing and blood coagulation under the patronage of Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler, to whom his wife Karoline "Nini" Diehl had direct connections.
According to Buhler, a small medical company—later identified by Buhler as a precursor to pharmaceutical giant Bayer—reached out to the Third Reich during World War II asking for 150 ...