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The usage of the glottal stop as an onset in such syllables confirms this tendency in the pronunciation of Bohemian speakers. In Common Czech, the most widespread Czech interdialect, prothetic v– is added to all words beginning with o– in standard Czech, e.g. voko instead of oko (eye). The general structure of Czech syllables is:
the voiceless retroflex fricative /ʂ/ (like Mandarin pinyin sh), like in Russian: что, чтобы, нарочно. In Serbian, Che is always pronounced as /tʂ/ (Latin: č), as the letter Tshe (Ћ/ћ; Latin: ć), which is unique to Serbian, is always used for the /t͡ɕ/ sound. Loanwords using /tʃ/ are typically transliterated to Che ...
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Czech language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
The scientific transliteration convention comes from Czech spelling and is also used in the Latin alphabets of several other Slavic languages (Slovak, Sorbian, Serbo-Croatian and Slovene). Thus, Leonid Brezhnev 's surname (Леонид Брежнев) could be transliterated as "Brežnev", as it is spelled in a number of Slavic languages.
In Czech and Slovak, ň represents /ɲ/, the palatal nasal, similar to the sound in English canyon.Thus, it has the same function as Albanian, Macedonian and Serbo-Croatian nj / њ, French and Italian gn, Catalan and Hungarian ny, Polish ń, Occitan and Portuguese nh, Galician and Spanish ñ, Latvian and Livonian ņ and Belarusian, Russian, Rusyn and Ukrainian нь.
This is because the pronunciation of the two letters is significantly different, and Russian ы normally continues Common Slavic *y [ɨ], which was a separate phoneme. The letter щ is conventionally written št in Bulgarian, šč in Russian. This article writes šš' in Russian to reflect the modern pronunciation [ɕɕ].
As the official language of the Czech Republic (a member of the European Union since 2004), Czech is one of the EU's official languages and the 2012 Eurobarometer survey found that Czech was the foreign language most often used in Slovakia. [27]
In the pronunciation of the Russian language, several ways of vowel reduction (and its absence) are distinguished between the standard language and dialects. Russian orthography most often does not reflect vowel reduction, which can confuse foreign-language learners, but some spelling reforms have changed some words.