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The administration of education policy in the Britain began in the 19th century. Official mandation of education began with the Elementary Education Act 1870 (33 & 34 Vict. c. 75) for England and Wales, and the Education (Scotland) Act 1872 for Scotland.
At the beginning of the reign of Queen Victoria, state control of the education system was opposed by Anglican churchmen, such as James Shergold Boone. [1] The status quo in England and Wales consisted of the two elementary school systems run by the National Society for Promoting Religious Education (Anglican) and the British and Foreign School Society (non-sectarian).
Education in the United Kingdom is a devolved matter, with each of the countries of the United Kingdom having separate systems under separate governments. The UK Government is responsible for England, whilst the Scottish Government, the Welsh Government and the Northern Ireland Executive are responsible for Scotland, [6] Wales [7] and Northern Ireland, respectively.
The history of education in England is documented from Saxon settlement of England, and the setting up of the first cathedral schools in 597 and 604.. Education in England remained closely linked to religious institutions until the nineteenth century, although charity schools and "free grammar schools", which were open to children of any religious beliefs, became more common in the early ...
The chapel of King's College at the University of Cambridge, one of the ancient universities of England The Central Hall of the University of York, a plate glass university established in 1963 The Lanchester Library at Coventry University, a modern university that was granted university status in 1992 The campus of New College Durham, a college ...
In 1989, under the Education Reform Act 1988, the LEAs lost responsibility for higher education, with all polytechnics and colleges of higher education becoming independent corporations. A further wave of local government reorganisation during the 1990s led to the formation of unitary authorities in parts of England and throughout Wales, which ...
McCann, W. P. "Elementary Education in England and Wales on the Eve of the 1870 Education Act." Journal of Educational Administration and History 2.1 (1969): 20–29. McCann, W. P. "Trade unionists, artisans and the 1870 education act." British Journal of Educational Studies 18.2 (1970): 134–150. McCulloch, Gary.
The 1944 Butler Education Act radically overhauled education in England and Wales, and the Education (Northern Ireland) Act 1947 set out a similar restructuring for Northern Ireland. For the first time, secondary education was to become a right, and was to be universally provided. It would also be free, with financial assistance for poor students.