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The IGF axis has been shown to play roles in the promotion of cell proliferation and the inhibition of cell death . Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2, at times IGF-II) is thought to be a primary growth factor required for early development while IGF-1 expression is required for achieving maximal growth.
IGF-2 exerts its effects by binding to the IGF-1 receptor and to the short isoform of the insulin receptor (IR-A or exon 11-). [9] IGF-2 may also bind to the IGF-2 receptor (also called the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor), which acts as a signalling antagonist; that is, to prevent IGF-2 responses.
Low IGF-1 levels are shown to increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance. [67] On the other hand, a high IGF-1 bioavailability in people with diabetes may delay or prevent diabetes-associated complications, as it improves impaired small blood vessel function. [67] IGF-1 has been characterized as an insulin sensitizer ...
Approximately 98% of IGF-1 is always bound to one of six binding proteins (IGF-BP). IGFBP-3, the most abundant protein, accounts for 80% of all IGF binding. IGF-1 binds to IGFBP-3 in a 1:1 molar ratio. IGF-BP also binds to IGF-1 inside the liver, allowing growth hormone to continuously act upon the liver to produce more IGF-1.
IGF-1 plays an important role in growth and continues to have anabolic effects in adults – meaning that it can induce hypertrophy of skeletal muscle and other target tissues. Mice lacking the IGF-1 receptor die late in development, and show a dramatic reduction in body mass. This testifies to the strong growth-promoting effect of this receptor.
3490 29817 Ensembl ENSG00000163453 ENSMUSG00000036256 UniProt Q16270 Q61581 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001553 NM_001253835 NM_001159518 NM_008048 RefSeq (protein) NP_001240764 NP_001544 NP_001152990 NP_032074 Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 57.03 – 57.11 Mb Chr 5: 77.5 – 77.56 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 is a protein that in humans is ...
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The Internet Governance Forum (IGF) is a multistakeholder governance group for policy dialogue on issues of Internet governance. [1] It brings together all stakeholders in the Internet governance debate, whether they represent governments, the private sector or civil society, including the technical and academic community, on an equal basis and through an open and inclusive process. [2]